江苏东山山地枇杷果实品质与果园土壤、叶片和果实矿质元素的关系
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江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(16)1014]


Relationship between Fruit Quality and Mineral Elements in Soil, Leaf and Fruit of Loquat Orchard in Dongshan Hillside of Jiangsu Province
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    摘要:

    以江苏省苏州吴中区山地种植的24个枇杷果园的‘白玉’枇杷为研究对象,采用典型相关分析法研究土壤、叶片和果实矿质元素间及其与果实品质指标的相关性,应用多元线性回归分析法筛选影响枇杷果实品质的土壤、叶片和果实的主要矿质元素和影响叶片矿质元素的主要土壤矿质养分因子,为改善枇杷果实品质的果园营养管理技术提供理论参考依据。结果表明:(1)枇杷果实品质指标在不同果园间存在较大差异。(2)枇杷果实品质主要受其叶片和果实矿质元素含量影响,其中:枇杷单果质量与叶片中N含量呈显著正相关,与果实中N含量呈显著负相关;可溶性固形物含量与叶片中N和Mg元素含量呈极显著正相关,与果实中P、Mn元素含量呈极显著正相关,与果实中Ca、Mg元素含量呈极显著负相关;可滴定酸含量与叶片中N和Zn元素含量呈显著负相关,与果实中N、Mn元素含量呈显著负相关,与果实中Ca元素含量呈显著正相关。(3)果实品质指标与土壤矿质养分含量的相关性较弱,土壤矿质养分主要通过影响叶片矿质元素含量,进而间接影响果实品质,其中土壤中P、K、Ca、Mn、Cu元素对叶片中矿质元素含量影响较大。研究认为,提高土壤中P、K、Zn含量并减少土壤Ca含量是东山山地枇杷果园土壤管理的关键技术途径;提高叶片中N含量以及果实中N、P、Mn含量和减少果实中Ca、Mg含量是改善东山山地枇杷果实品质的关键措施。

    Abstract:

    Taking the Eriobotrya japonica ‘Baiyu’ of 24 orchards planted in the hillside area of Wuzhong district, Suzhou, Jiangsu province as the research object, we carried out the correlation analysis between soil, leaves and fruits mineral elements and their fruit quality indicators by using the typical correlation analysis method. Regression analysis was used to screen the main mineral elements in soil, leaves and fruits affecting the quality of loquat fruit and the main soil mineral nutrient factors affecting leaves mineral elements, which provide a theoretical reference for orchard nutrition management techniques to improve the quality of loquat fruit. The results showed that: (1) the quality index of loquat fruit was different between different orchards. (2) The quality of loquat fruit was mainly affected by the content of mineral elements in leaves and fruits. Among them, the weight of per fruit was significantly positively correlated with N content in leaves and negatively correlated with N content in fruits. The content of soluble solids was significantly positively correlated with the contents of N and Mg in leaves, and significantly positively correlated with the contents of P and Mn in fruits, and negatively correlated with the contents of Ca and Mg in fruits. The titratable acid content was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of N and Zn in the leaves, and negatively correlated with the contents of N and Mn in the fruits, and positively correlated with the content of Ca in the fruits. (3) The correlation between fruit quality index and soil mineral nutrient content is weak. Soil mineral nutrient mainly affects leaf mineral content, which indirectly affects fruit quality. Among them, P, K, Ca, Mn and Cu in soil have great influence on the contents of mineral elements in leaves. According to the study, the key technical approach of soil management in hillside orchard of Dongshan is to increase the contents of P, K, Zn and reduce the content of Ca in soil. The key measure to improve the quality of loquat fruit in Dongshan by increasing the content of N in leaves and the contents of N, P, Mn in fruits, and reducing the contents of Ca, Mg in the fruits.

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黄 霄,王化坤,渠慎春,等.江苏东山山地枇杷果实品质与果园土壤、叶片和果实矿质元素的关系[J].西北植物学报,2019,39(4):692-701

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-05-17
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