不同品种葡萄对高温的生理响应及耐热性评价
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新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2019D01B33)


Physiological Response to High Temperature and Heat Tolerance Evaluation of Different Grape Cultivars
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    摘要:

    以新疆农业科学院吐鲁番农业科学研究所葡萄资源圃中选取的19个具有代表性葡萄品种作为试验材料,在当地自然高温期中段(7月份,日最高温>35 ℃),对葡萄叶片气体交换参数、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、脯氨酸含量等12个生理指标进行测定,采用模糊隶属函数分析法结合有序样本最优分割聚类法对不同品种耐热性进行评价,考察不同葡萄品种对高温的生理响应差异,为葡萄高温逆境栽培和耐热品种选育提供参考。结果表明:(1)在自然高温条件下,19个品种葡萄的耐热性表现存在差异,‘红地球’、‘藤稔’、‘贝达’、‘和田黄’耐热性较强,而‘无核白’、‘红旗特早玫瑰’、‘水晶无核’、‘维多利亚’、‘矢富罗莎’、‘克瑞森无核’耐热性较弱。(2)不同品种叶片丙二醛含量和抗氧化酶活性变化对高温响应差异较大,耐热性较强的‘红地球’和‘藤稔’的丙二醛含量相对较低,而‘贝达’、‘和田黄’的丙二醛含量相对较高,但其抗氧化酶活性均较高。(3)模糊隶属函数法分析结果表明,各品种生理指标的隶属函数值(AR)大小与其耐热性直观表现基本一致,AR可作为评价葡萄品种耐热性评价的综合指标;进一步聚类分析结果将参试品种划分为耐热性强、中、弱3个类型,并筛选出‘红地球’、‘藤稔’、‘贝达’、‘和田黄’等4个耐热性较强的品种。

    Abstract:

    The 19 tested cultivars were selected from the grape germplasm resources pool of Turpan Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. We determined 12 physiological indexes, such as gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities and proline content, in grape leaves under field condition during the middle period of local natural high temperature (July, Daily maximum air temperature>35 ℃). We furtherly evaluated the heat tolerance of different varieties by fuzzy membership function analysis and optimal segmentation clustering of ordered samples. Investigated physiological response to high temperature and evaluated heat tolerance of different grape cultivars, which would provide a theoretical basis for taking appropriate cultivation managements to reduce the impact of high temperature and breeding of high temperature tolerance grape varieties. The results showed that: (1) in the natural high temperature condition, the 19 tested grape varieties responded differently to high temperature. ‘Red Globe’, ‘Fujiminori’ , ‘Beta’ and ‘Hetianhuang’ had strong heat tolerance, while ‘Thompson Seedless’, ‘Hongqi Tezaomeigui’ , ‘Shuijing Wuhe’, ‘Victoria’ , ‘Yatomi Rosa’ and ‘Crimson Seedless’ had weak heat tolerance. (2) Among the 12 physiological indexes, malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzyme activities were mostly different in various grape varieties. The strong heat tolerance grape cultivar ‘Red Globe’ and ‘Fujiminori’ had relatively lower malondialdehyde content, ‘Beta’ and ‘Hetianhuang’ had relatively higher malondialdehyde content, but they hadhigher activities of antioxidant enzymes. (3) The result of fuzzy membership function analysis showed that the cumulative membership value(AR) of each physiological index is consistent with the apparent heat resistance performance, which AR can be a potential index to evaluate the heat tolerance of grape varieties. Further cluster analysis classified the tested cultivars as strong, medium and weak. ‘Red Globe’, ‘Fujiminori’, Beta and ‘Hetianhuang’ had stronger heat tolerance.

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吴久赟,廉苇佳,曾晓燕,等.不同品种葡萄对高温的生理响应及耐热性评价[J].西北植物学报,2019,39(6):1075-1084

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-07-12
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