Abstract:In order to understand the effect of the pedicel development on the fruits quality of pear, we used 11 pear cultivars in this experiment. The main economic characters, soluble sugar, and mineral nutrients content of fruits were measured and analyzed. The pedicels were dissected and observed their tissue structures. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in morphology and microstructure of pedicels among different pear cultivars, with 10 vascular bundles in the pedicels in bigfruit cultivars, 9 vascular bundles in middlefruit cultivars and 5 vascular bundles in smallfruit cultivars. (2) In large P. pyrifolia system, the higher proportion of vascular bundle in the pedicel, the heavier the per fruit weight. (3) There was a very significantly positive correlation between pedicel diameter and fruit size in different pear cultivars, and the correlation was P. bretschneideri higher than P. pyrifolia. (4) The total soluble sugar content of fruit in the same cultivar was middle pedicel and thick pedicel significantly better than thin pedicel. (5) Ca and B contents of middle pedicel and thick pedicel fruit of ‘Akituki’ were significantly better than that of thin pedicel fruit. The results indicated that the structure of pedicels were different in different pear cultivars, and the development of pedicels were correlated with fruit quality. In particular, the pedicel diameter was one of the important factors that were limiting the fruit size and affecting the fruit quality. The fruit quality of middle pedicel in the same cultivar was better than that of thick pedicel and thin pedicel fruit.