褪黑素对盐胁迫下香椿幼苗生长及离子吸收和光合作用的影响
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安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2018A0349);


Effect of Melatonin on Growth, Ion Absorption and Photosynthesis of Toona sinensis Seedlings under Salt Stress
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    摘要:

    以香椿幼苗为材料,采用水培法研究不同浓度褪黑素(0、50、100、200和400 μmol/L)对盐(150 mmol/L NaCl)胁迫下香椿幼苗生长指标、矿质元素离子(Na+、K+、Ca2+和Mg2+)含量、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)等光合作用指标的影响,以探究外源物质褪黑素对盐胁迫下香椿幼苗生长和生理的调控作用。结果表明:(1)在盐胁迫条件下,香椿幼苗的生长受到显著抑制,叶绿素含量和Pn显著降低,叶片和根系中Na+含量比对照(CK)显著增加,而K+、Mg2+和Ca2+含量以及离子含量的比值(K+/Na+、Mg2+/Na+和Ca2+/Na+)则明显下降,且丙二醛含量显著增加。(2)施加适宜浓度褪黑素能显著促进盐胁迫下香椿植株生长,降低其叶片和根系中Na+含量,提高其K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量和离子含量比值以及叶片PnTr、水分利用效率(WUE)和GsCi,但却降低了气孔限制值(Ls)。(3)适宜浓度褪黑素使盐胁迫下香椿植株叶片的丙二醛积累明显下降,叶绿素含量显著上升。研究发现,外施适宜浓度的褪黑素能降低盐胁迫下香椿幼苗叶片和根系内Na+浓度,增加K+、Mg2+和Ca2+浓度,调控植物体内细胞的离子平衡状态,增强对营养元素的吸收,提高光合作用效率,从而提高香椿幼苗对盐胁迫的抗性,并以100 μmol/L褪黑素处理的效果最佳。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effect of exogenous MT on the growth and physiological mechanism of Toona sinensis seedlings under salt stress, we studied the effects of different concentrations of melatonin (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L) on the growth indicators, mineral ion (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) contents and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of T. sinensis seedlings under 150 mmol/L NaCl. The results showed that: (1) compared with the control (CK), the growth of T. sinensis seedlings was significantly inhibited by salt stress and had a lower Pn. 150 mmol/L NaCl significantly increased Na+ contents in leaves and roots and reduced the contents of K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ with the decreased values of K+/Na+, Mg2+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+. (2) Exogenously suitable concentration of MT increased the plant growth indexes of seedlings under salt stress, decreased Na+ contents, increased the levels of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ and values of K+/Na+, Mg2+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+. At the same time, Pn, Tr, water use efficiency (WUE), Gs, Ci and decreased stomatal limitation value (Ls). (3) The chlorophyll contents increased and MDA content decreased significantly with MT treatment. The results showed that appropriate concentration (100 μmol/L) of MT can reduce the concentration of Na+ by increasing the concentration of K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the leaves and roots of T. sinensis seedlings, regulate the ion balance in plants, enhance the absorption of nutrients, and improve the photosynthesis efficiency in order to improve the resistance of T. sinensis seedlings to salt stress.

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偶 春,张 敏,姚侠妹,等.褪黑素对盐胁迫下香椿幼苗生长及离子吸收和光合作用的影响[J].西北植物学报,2019,39(12):2226-2234

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-02-25
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