基于扫描电镜技术的天葵属(毛茛科)花器官发生研究
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国家自然科学基金 (31300158)


Floral Morphogenesis in Semiaquilegia (Ranunculaceae) with Scanning Electron Microscopy
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    摘要:

    毛茛科天葵属为东亚特有类群,但其花器官的发生过程仍不清晰。该研究利用扫描电子显微镜观察了天葵[S. adoxoides (DC.) Makino]花器官的发生过程,以揭示毛茛科花形态的多样性和演化规律,为进一步探讨天葵属与近缘类群的亲缘关系提供发育形态学证据。结果表明:(1)天葵萼片、花瓣和雄蕊均为螺旋状发生,轮状排列;不育雄蕊的数目和位置不定,心皮轮状发生。(2)天葵萼片原基为宽阔的新月形,其他花器官为窄的半球形。(3)天葵花发育后期,花瓣有延迟发育现象,花瓣原基基部发育为浅囊状,心皮原基马蹄形对折,胚珠倒生、双珠被、具胎座附属物。(4)天葵属与耧斗菜属、尾囊草属的花发育性状存在相似性,支持分子系统学证据的三者近缘的观点;天葵属的花性状的特殊表现为:花直径较小,雄蕊、不育雄蕊和心皮数目较少,花器官没有形成明显的直列线,内珠被较长等。

    Abstract:

    Semiaquilegia is an Asia endemic genus in the Ranunculaceae, but the data on floral morphogenesis of this genus, are still lacking. In this paper, we used scanning electron microscopy to study the floral development of S. adoxoides (DC.) Makino to indicate the flower diversity and phylogeny and further to provide morphologic development evidence of S. adoxoides and its related plants. Our results indicate that: (1) the sepals, petals and stamens of this genus are initiated spirally, whereas the carpels are initiated whorled. The staminodium number and positions are not sure. The phyllotaxis is whorled. (2) Primordia of the sepals are lunular and truncate, but those of other organs are hemispherical and rounded. (3) Petal development is delayed and there is an abaxial knob at the base. The carpel primordia are plicate, and mature ovule is anatropous and unitegmic. There is an appendage on the placenta. (4) Semiaquilegia shows similar floral development features as Aquilegia and Urophysa, which supports the relationship inferred by DNA sequence data. At the same time, other characters, e.g. small flowers, few stamens, sterile stamens, and carpels, absent orthostichies, longer inner integument, support Semiaquilegia as a distinct genus.

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罗敏蓉,张 静.基于扫描电镜技术的天葵属(毛茛科)花器官发生研究[J].西北植物学报,2020,40(11):1874-1880

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-12-11
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