唐家河国家级自然保护区药用植物资源及多样性特征分析
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四川农业大学林学院

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国家自然科学基金(31370628);四川省教育厅一般项目(自然科学,15ZB0020);四川农业大学双支计划(03571838)


Analysis on Medicinal Plant Resources and Diversity Characteristics in the Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve
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    摘要:

    为探究唐家河国家级自然保护区药用植物资源种类、分布状况及保护现状,以对该区药用植物的有效保护和管理提供科学依据。该研究于2014至2017年采用覆盖全区的野外样线实地考察、照片收集、走访和查阅文献等方法,对唐家河自然保护区药用植物多样性进行分析。结果显示:(1)唐家河保护区药用植物130科399属602种,其中蕨类植物17科26属36种,裸子植物3科3属3种,被子植物110科370属563种。在种属构成多样性上,寡种科(2-5个种)优势明显,占总科数的40.77%,有165种,占总种数的27.41%;单种属有284属,占总属数的71.18%。(2)在生活型多样性上,草本药用植物占有明显的优势,有450种,占总种数的74.75%。(3)全草(全株)类、根与根茎类是唐家河药用植物的主要药用部位。(4)唐家河药用植物在植物区系上表现为以温带分布为主。研究表明:唐家河保护区药用植物种类丰富,药用植物生活型、部位、功效等类型多样,是野生药用植物资源的重要保护地,具有保护和科研开发的价值。因此我们建议进一步完善现有保护体系,进而更好地保护和利用当地的药用植物资源。

    Abstract:

    To understand the types, distribution and protection status in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, we carried out a systematically investigation and hope to provide the scientific basis for effective protection and management on local medicinal plants. In this study, the diversity of medicinal plants was investigated by field survey, photo collection, questionnaire survey and literature review from 2014 to 2017. Results: (1) Totally 602 species of medicinal plants belonged to 399 genera and 130 families were found in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve. Among them, there are 36 ferns species belonged to 26 genera and 17 families; 3 gymnosperms species belonged to 3 genera and3 families; and 563 angiosperms species belonged to 370 genera and 110 families. Based on the diversity of species and genera, there are 165 species belonged to Oligotypic family (2-5 species), which accounting for 40.77% of total number of family, and accounting for 27.41 % of the total number of plant species. And 284 mono-species genus were accounting for 71.18 % of the total genera. (2) Based on the diversity of life forms, herbal medicinal plants (450 species) are dominated, accounting for 74.58 % of the total number of species.(3) Whole grass (whole plant), root and rhizome are the main medicinal parts of Tangjiahe Medicinal Plants.(4) The medicinal plants in tangjiahe are mainly distributed in temperate zone. Conclusion: Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve is rich on diversity of medicinal plants, including various types of medicinal plants such as life style, location and efficacy, so it is an important reserve for wild medicinal plant resources. Therefore, we proposed to make more efforts to improve the protection measurements to better protect and utilize medicinal plant.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-26
  • 最后修改日期:2019-07-05
  • 录用日期:2019-07-03
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