不同光强补光对模拟贮运三角梅叶片脱落的缓解效应
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福建农林大学 园艺学院

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福建农林大学科技创新专项基金特色园艺植物品种创新与产业化(CXZX2017186);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目名优园艺植物种质创新与产业化(CXZX2018087)


Mitigative Effects of Supplementary Light Intensity on the Leaves Growth of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd During Storage
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund Characteristic horticultural plant variety innovation and industrialization (CXZX2017186); Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund Project Famous horticultural plant germplasm innovation and industrialization (CXZX2018087)

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    摘要:

    以3年生‘大红’三角梅为材料进行为期一个月的模拟贮运,期间采用荧光灯(管径16 mm)设置黑暗(T0)、低(T1)、中(T2)和高(T3)光强四个补光处理,考察各处理植株落叶率以及叶片光合色素含量、细胞膜透性、抗氧化酶活性等相关生理生化指标,探讨补光对贮运期三角梅叶片脱落的影响,为解决三角梅贮运过程严重落叶问题提供依据。结果表明:(1)模拟贮运第28天,T0和T3处理三角梅植株落叶严重,落叶率达87%以上,T1和T2处理落叶率则显著低于T0和T3处理,仅分别为16.33%和16.92%;T1~T3处理叶片比叶重均高于T0处理,叶片相对含水量则低于T0处理。(2)T1和T2处理叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白质含量均显著低于T0处理。(3)T0、T2、T3处理的叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素含量均呈先升后降趋势,而T1处理的总体呈上升趋势,变化幅度较小。(4)整个贮运期内,各处理叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均呈逐渐上升趋势,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性则均呈先升后降趋势,T0、T1和T2处理三角梅叶片CAT活性差异不显著,T1和T2处理三角梅叶片POD活性均显著高于T0处理;第28天,T2处理叶片SOD活性显著高于T1处理,两者与第0天相比,分别上升60.86%和45.02%。研究发现,每天采用一根荧光灯(光强9.45 μmol?m-2?s-1)对三角梅进行补光8 h,能够较大程度减轻贮运过程中黑暗胁迫对叶片细胞膜造成的损伤和光合色素的影响,降低光合产物消耗和叶片黄化脱落,使其在贮运过程中维持正常生长,减少经济损失。

    Abstract:

    With the fluorescent lamp (16 mm diameter) as light source to set up four supplementary treatments, including dark (T0) and low (T1), medium (T2) and high (T3) light intensities, we simulated a one-month of storage of Bougainvillea spectabilis willd "Crimsonlake", and measured the defoliation rate, photosynthetic pigment content, cell membrane permeability, antioxidant enzyme activity and other related physiological and biochemical indexes of leaves, so as to study the effect of supplementary treatments on the leaves of Bougainvillea and provide the basis for solving the serious defoliation problem during storage and transportation of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. The results showed that: (1) on the 28th day of simulated storage, the defoliation of T0 and T3 treatments was serious, reaching over 87%, and the defoliation rates of T1 and T2 treatments were significantly lower than T0 and T3 treatments, only 16.33% and 16.92%; The specific leaf weight of T1~T3 treatments is higher than that of T0 treatments, and the relative water content is lower than that of T0 treatments. (2) The relative conductivity, MDA content, soluble protein content of T1 and T2 treatments are significantly lower than that of T0 treatments. (3) The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid in leaves of T0, T2 and T3 treatments increased first and then decreased, while that of T1 treatment showed an upward trend with small changes. (4) During the whole storage and transportation period, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the leaves showed a gradual increase, while the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) increased first and then decreased. There was no significant difference in the CAT activity of leaves between T0, T1 and T2 treatments. POD activity of leaves treated with T1 and T2 was significantly higher than that treated with T0. On the 28th day, the SOD activity in the leaves of T2 treatments was significantly higher than that of T1 treatments, which increased by 60.86% and 45.02%, respectively, compared with the 0th day. The research indicated that the light intensity of 9.45 μmol?m-2?s-1, i.e. a fluorescent lamp, could be used to compensate light for 8 h?d-1 on the Bougainvillea during storage, which could reduce damages of the cell membrane and influences of the photosynthetic pigment caused by the dark stress in the process of storage. It was beneficial to reduce the wastage of photosynthetic product in the leaves and the yellowing of the leaves, so that the Bougainvillea could grow normally during storage to reduce economic losses.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-11-04
  • 最后修改日期:2020-01-12
  • 录用日期:2020-01-06
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