昆仑山国家公园青海片区评估区种子植物区系研究
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1.国家林业和草原局西北调查规划院;2.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 高原生物适应与进化重点实验室

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Q948.15

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第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK05020102);国家林业和草原局西北调查规划院科技创新项目(XBY-KJCX-2021-10)


Flora of seed plants in Qinghai area of Kunlun Mountain National Park
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    摘要:

    【目的】从物种代表性和多样性方面为拟创建的昆仑山国家公园青海片区评估区的植物多样性保护、植物资源利用与管理提供基础科学数据。【方法】研究在野外调查基础上,结合历史数据及文献资料,梳理了评估区种子植物名录,分析评估区种子植物区系的组成、优势类群、地理成分及珍稀濒危物种。【结果】结果表明:(1)昆仑山国家公园青海片区评估区共有种子植物46科146属384种,裸子植物3科3属5种,被子植物43科143属379种;苋科(Amaranthaceae)、菊科(Asteraceae)、豆科(Fabaceae)和禾本科(Poaceae)4科在评估区种子植物区系中占重要位置,单种科和寡种科构成科的主体。(2)评估区种子植物科、属优势现象明显,优势科有8科,优势属有36属,具10种以上的大属有黄芪属(Astragalus)、棘豆属(Oxytropis)、蒿属(Artemisia)、风毛菊属(Saussurea)、早熟禾属(Poa)、薹草属(Carex)6属,单种属和小属构成属的主体。(3)评估区种子植物科的分布区类型以世界分布为主,同时呈现出温带性质,属的分布区类型以温带分布为主,与劳亚古陆有紧密联系。(4)评估区有4种国家二级重点保护野生植物,8种青海省重点保护植物,6种列入《中国生物多样性红色名录》。【结论】整体上,昆仑山国家公园青海片区评估区的地理成分多样,但特有现象不明显,生物多样性较低,区系成分在水平梯度上呈现出干旱到半干旱以及温带向热带过渡的特征。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】 As for the aspect of species representativeness and diversity, the article aims to provide a scientific evidence for plant diversity conservation, plant resource utilization in Qinghai area of Kunlun Mountains National Park. 【Methods】 Based on field surveys, historical data and literature, sorted out the list of seed plants in the assessment area, and analyzed the composition, dominant taxa, geographic component and endangered species of seed flora were assessed in the area. 【Results】 The results showed that: (1) There was a total of 46 families, 146 genera and 383 species of seed plants in Qinghai area of the Kunlun Mountain National Park, including three families, three genera and five species of gymnosperms, and 43 families, 143 genera and 379 species of angiosperms; the four families including Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae occupy an important position in the seed flora of the assessed area, and monospecie and oligospecie constitute the main part of the family. (2) The family and genus dominances of seed plants were obvious in this area with eight dominant families and 36 dominant genera, six large genera had more than 10 species including Astragalus, Oxytropis, Artemisia, Saussurea, Poa and Carex (3) The areal-type of the families in this seed flora was mainly cosmopolitan, meanwhile it showed a temperate nature, and the areal-type of genera was mainly temperate distribution with a close connection to the Laurasia. (4) There were four species of national Grade Ⅱ protected wild plants, eight species of Qinghai Province key protected plants, and six species listed in this area. 【Conclusion】 As a whole, the seed flora in Qinghai area of the Kunlun Mountains National Park was remarkably characterized by temperate nature and clear transitional property with low plant species richness, less endemic family, genus and species.

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尚帅斌,范琳,刘楠,等.昆仑山国家公园青海片区评估区种子植物区系研究[J].西北植物学报,2024,44(3):491-501

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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-27
  • 最后修改日期:2023-11-21
  • 录用日期:2023-11-22
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-01-19
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