盐肤木开花特性及花香成分释放规律分析
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西南林业大学

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云南省科技厅农业联合专项(202301BD070001-087);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(云[2020]TG04号);西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室开放课题(KLESWFU—202005)


Analysis of Flowering Characteristics and Floral Aroma Components Release Pattern of Rhus chinensis Mill
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    摘要:

    【目的】本研究拟通过探究盐肤木开花特性和花香成分及其释放规律,明确花香物质基础,为盐肤木花香进一步开发利用提供依据。【方法】利用扫描电镜观察花粉形态,并用顶空-固相微萃取(HS-SPME)与气相色谱联用(GC-MS)技术检测分析不同花期主要花香成分和日变化规律。【结果】盐肤木雌雄异株,圆锥花序,单枝花序集中开花,整株持续开花,花粉黄色,长球形具3孔沟,外壁具条纹。不同花期共检测出花香物质92种(萜烯类29种、醛类19种、酯类15种、醇类14种、酮类5种、烯烃类4种、芳香烃类2种,酚类、烷烃类、酸类和其它类各1种)。其相对含量先升高后降低,在盛花期时达到最大(3.60 μg/g),各花期间差异显著,种类持续增加。其盛花期日变化共检测到84种花香物质,释放量呈抛物线趋势,白天显著高于夜晚,18:00时达到最大(4.80 μg/g),后持续降低,6:00时最低,仅2.58 μg/g。其中萜烯类为盐肤木主要花香物质,相对含量约占总花香含量的70%。【结论】盐肤木花香成分丰富,具明显昼夜节律变化,萜烯类为其主要花香物质。

    Abstract:

    [Objective]This study intends to clarify the material basis of flower fragrance by exploring the flowering characteristics, flower fragrance components and their release patterns of Rhus chinensis, so as to provide a basis for the further development and utilization of the floral fragrance of Rhus chinensis. [Methods]Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the pollen morphology, and Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques were used to detect and analyze the main floral scent components in different flowering stages and the daily change pattern.. [Results]Dioecious plant of Rhus chinensis, panicle, single branch inflorescence concentrated flowering, whole plant in continuous bloom, pollen yellow, oblong-globose with 3 pore grooves, outer wall striped. A total of 92 floral substances (29 terpenes, 19 aldehydes, 15 esters, 14 alcohols, 5 ketones, 4 olefins, 2 aromatic hydrocarbons, and 1 each of phenols, alkanes, acids, and others) were detected in the different flowering periods. Its relative content increased and then decreased, reaching a maximum (3.60 μg/g) at the Full-flowering stage with significant differences among the flowers, and the species continued to increase. A total of 84 floral aroma substances were detected during the daily variation of its full flowering stage, and the releases showed a parabolic trend, which was significantly higher during the day than at night, and reached the maximum at 18:00 (4.80 μg/g), and then continued to decrease, and was the lowest at 6:00, with only 2.58 μg/g. Among them, terpenes were the main floral substances of Rhus chinensis, with a relative content of about 70% of the total floral components. [Conclusion]Rhus chinensis is rich in floral components, with a clear diurnal rhythm, and terpenes are its main floral substances.

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顾菊,温联好,牛芸,等.盐肤木开花特性及花香成分释放规律分析[J].西北植物学报,2024,44(10):1646-1655

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-27
  • 最后修改日期:2024-05-17
  • 录用日期:2024-05-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-08-16
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