9个中国选育油橄榄品种母系来源多样性研究
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1.中国林业科学研究院林业研究所;2.陇南市武都区油橄榄产业开发办公室

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“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2200301)


Study on the Maternal Origin Diversity of Nine Olive Varieties Selected and Bred in China
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    摘要:

    摘要【目的】比较中国选育油橄榄品种与地中海油橄榄叶绿体基因组的多样性和亲缘关系,评估中国选育品种母系来源多样性,为中国油橄榄种质开发提供依据。【方法】基于本研究所测的9个中国选育油橄榄品种、7个伊朗种质和下载的52个地中海油橄榄种质的重测序数据,使用NOVOPlasty组装叶绿体基因组,计算序列多态性;利用GPA和RAxML-NG、Network 5.0等软件分别构建叶绿体基因组图谱、系统发育和单倍型网络关系。【结果】所研究的油橄榄叶绿体基因组在其四分体结构、基因数量上具有一致性;共检测到17个叶绿体单倍型,其中,中国选育油橄榄品种仅有1个单倍型,其为多数栽培油橄榄共享;野生油橄榄序列多态性最高,其次为栽培油橄榄和伊朗种质,而9个中国选育品种的多样性为0。系统发育和单倍型网络关系结果一致,中国选育品种与多数栽培油橄榄、伊朗种质聚为一支。【结论】中国选育油橄榄品种母系来源多样性极低,后期需从更全面的油橄榄种质谱系选育适应中国生境的油橄榄品种。

    Abstract:

    Abstract [Objective] To compare the genetic diversity and relationships between the chloroplast genomes of olive varieties selected and bred in China and those in the Mediterranean olives, and to estimate the maternal diversity of olive varieties selected and bred in China, and in turn provide a basis for the development of Chinese olive accession. [Methods] NOVOPlasty v.4.3.1 was used to assemble chloroplast genomes, which were based on the genome re-sequencing data of the nine olive varieties selected and bred in China and seven Iranian accessions, both of which were sequenced in this study, and fifty-two Mediterranean olive accessions downloaded from the database, and then calculated the sequence polymorphism; GPA, RAxML-NG, and Network 5.0 and other software were used to construct the chloroplast genome map, the relationships of phylogeny and network of haplotype respectively. [Results] The chloroplast genomes of the analyzed olive accessions were consistent in terms of tetrad structure and number of genes in this study. All chloroplast genomes identified seventeen haplotypes, among which, the olive varieties selected and bred in China have only one haplotype which share with the most cultivated olives. The oleasters have the highest genetic diversity, followed by the cultivated olives and then Iranian accessions, while nine olive varieties selected and bred held all genetic diversity of 0. The phylogenetic relationship was consistent with the network of haplotype, one branch includes the most of the cultivated varieties, Iranian olive accessions and all olive varieties selected and bred in China. [Conclusion] The nine olive varieties selected and bred in China showed an extremely low diversity of maternal origin. It is necessary to select and breed the olive varieties adapted to China’s habitats from a more comprehensive lineage of olive accession in the later stages.

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马宏博,王桢莹,赵海云,等.9个中国选育油橄榄品种母系来源多样性研究[J].西北植物学报,2024,44(11):1760-1768

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-07
  • 最后修改日期:2024-06-25
  • 录用日期:2024-06-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-09-24
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