【Objective】 The study aims to investigate the physiological effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the "Ningqi No. 10" wolfberry seedlings under saline-alkali stress, evaluate its physiological mechanism for alleviating saline-alkali stress, and explore its application potential and suitable concentration. 【Methods】 One-year-old "Ningqi 10" wolfberry potted seedlings were used as materials. They were first irrigated with ZnO NPs solutions of different concentrations (50, 100, and 150 mg/L) at the root, followed by 100 mmol/L saline-alkali stress treatment. Samples were taken after 15 and 30 days of stress to measure seedling biomass, photosynthetic pigments, osmoregulatory substances, Na+, K+, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and AsA-GSH cycle-related indicators. A comprehensive evaluation of the treatment effects was conducted. 【Results】 ZnO NPs pretreatment significantly promoted the accumulation of biomass in wolfberry seedlings under saline-alkali stress, increased leaf chlorophyll content, enhanced the content of antioxidant substances and related enzyme activities in the AsA-GSH cycle, as well as SOD, POD, and CAT activities. It significantly reduced cell membrane damage and lipid peroxidation, significantly increased the accumulation of soluble sugar, proline, and soluble protein, and regulated the Na+/K+ balance. Among the tested concentrations, 100 mg/L ZnO NPs treatment showed the best mitigation effect. 【Conclusion】 Root application of ZnO NPs effectively alleviated the growth inhibition of wolfberry seedlings under saline-alkali stress by promoting chlorophyll accumulation, regulating the AsA-GSH cycle and antioxidant enzyme activity to efficiently scavenge excessive ROS, enhancing osmotic adjustment capacity, and maintaining Na+/K+ balance.