In the typical arid and semiarid region of Xinjiang,we screened maize drought resistance identification of effective evaluation index by analyzing response characteristics and principal component of 14 traits.We used the method of drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance index to clustering analysis,to comprehensive evaluate drought resistance of 47 inbred lines by their combination.The results showed as the following:(1)Under water stress,plant height,ear height,chlorophyll content decreased,ear became shorter and smaller,bare top became longer,kernels number and ear rows became less,1000kernels weight and ear grain weight was reduced,which leaded to yield decline.(2)The droughtresistant ability was greatly related with the characters expression under water stress,such as ear grain weight,ear diameter,kernels number,1000kernels weight,plant height,ear height,ear length,bare top,ear rows,chlorophyll content etc.The higher drought resistance of inbred lines was Ye52106 and Ying 64 and 478.The second was Mo17Ht,Mo17,Dan 340,Zheng 58,X178,C103 etc.In breeding practice,ear grain weight,ear diameter,kernels number,1000 kernels weight,plant height,ear height,ear length,bare top,ear rows,chlorophyll content can be considered as an effective index for screening of drought resistance identification on field.It combined with drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance index to make comprehensive evaluation of inbred lines.