In this paper,Zygophyllum xanthoxylum which is dominant species shrub of Urumqi Dabancheng chronic high wind area was used as a study object.Through pot experiment,design three wind speed (light wind:3 m/s,medium wind 7 m/s,high wind:12 m/s),on Zygophyllum xanthoxylum sustained wind treatment 90 d,leaf anatomical structures were analyzed with paraffin sectioning method.The results showed that,compared with control group(mean wind speed 0.3 m/s),in the 12 m/s wind thickened of leaf thickness 48%;12 m/s,7 m/s and 3m/s wind increased cuticle thickness of 213%,117% and 45%,respectively;palisade tissue thickened of 110%,70% and 47%,respectively;12 m/s and 7 m/s vein thickened of 109% and 76%,respectively.In conclusion,under the chronic high wind simulation,Zygophyllum xanthoxylum reduce mechanical damage by respecting increased leaf thickness,cuticle thickness,palisade tissue and vein thickness,also control water loss.