The development of embryo and endosperm of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium was studied by means of paraffin section and semi-thin section,and the developmental degree of seed at collected stage was counted.(1)The development of B.scorzonerifolium embryo belongs to the solanad type；the division of endosperm nucleus is earlier than zygote，and the development of endosperm belongs to the karyotype.(2)Statistics study on embryos in fruits at being collected stages showed that the embryo rate of globular embryo,early heart-shape embryo,late heart-shape embryowas at 26%,29.6% and 37.4% respectively.However,merely 7% was determined for fish torpedo embryo,and dicotyledonous embryo was rarely detected in the experimental fruits.Therefore,the fruits of B.scorzonerifolium were characterized by serious post-maturation phenomenon,which is the primary cause resulting in low germination percentage and irregular emergency phenomena about B.scorzonerifolium during its cultivation process.