This research was conducted to provide theoretical evidence for bamboo cultivation during this time of possible climate change.Open-top chambers (OTCs) were employed to determine the effects of elevated O₃ （EO）and elevated CO₂（EC）alone and in combination on membrane lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidation system in the leaves of Phyllostachys edulis using a split-plot design with treatments of AA,EC ,EO,ECEO.The results showed that:(1)After 30 days of exposure,elevated O₃ can stimulate the activity of anti-oxidation enzymes(SOD,CAT,POD,APX) and the contents of osmotic adjusting substances(soluble protein and soluble sugar),which can balance reactive oxygen species production,resulting in no significant increase in malondialdehyde content.Along with the decline of antioxidant,intense the damage to membrane lipid and destroy the structure of cell membrane.(2)Short-term treatment of high concentration of CO₂ on membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in the leaves of P.edulis effect is not evident,and long-term treatment of high concentration of CO₂ will increase the antioxidant ability of P.edulis and osmotic adjustment function in a certain extent,and thus,alleviate the oxidative stress.(3)In combination of elevated CO₂ and O₃,the leaves of P.edulis can maintain high levels of antioxidant enzymes activities and osmotic adjustment substance contents to effectively regulate reactive oxygen species generation and clearing balance,indicating that elevated CO₂ could ameliorate the oxidative stress in some extent.