泰山黄芦木(小檗科)果实与叶刺特征的变异式样
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Variation Patterns of The Characters of Fruits and Spines of Berberis amurensis Rupr.(Berberidaceae) in Taishan Mountain
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    摘要:

    采用居群取样及统计分析方法,研究了山东泰山小檗属黄芦木果实与叶刺特征的变异式样。结果显示:(1)在20株黄芦木的各10个果序中,共有856个成熟果实,果实为亮红色,形状变异较大。单个果实内种子数目为1~5个,平均1.64±0.71个种子,差异显著。其中含1~5粒种子的果实数依次分别为406、365、72、12和1个,而已有文献皆记载黄芦木果实仅具2粒种子。(2)在黄芦木的200个果序中,含1~3粒种子的果实在各果序中的比例均为0~100%,差异均极显著;含4粒种子的果实在各果序中的比例为0~60.0%,差异显著。(3)在20株黄芦木的40个一年生枝条上,共有386个叶刺,其中单刺至5叉刺的叶刺依次分别为183、53、136、5和6个,6~8叉刺各1个;单刺、2叉刺和3叉刺的出现频率依次分别为92.50%、75.00%和80.00%,为黄芦木常见的3种叶刺类型,而已有文献均记载黄芦木具3叉刺,稀为单刺。研究表明,野外居群取样能深入揭示小檗属种内形态变异式样。

    Abstract:

    Variation patterns of the characters of fruits and leaf spines of Berberis amurensis Rupr.were investigated by field population sampling and statistical analysis in Taishan Mountain,Shandong Province.(1)Eight hundred and fifty six ripe fruits were gathered from every 10 infructescences sampled from 20 adult individuals of B.amurensis,and the fruits were shiny red in colour,and varied in both shape and size.In the 856 fruits sampled,the seed numbers per fruit varied from 1 to 5,Mean±SD=1.64±0.71,and the number of 1-seeded to 5-seeded fruits were,in turn,406,365,72,12 and 1,respectively.Nevertheless,literatures all showed that fruits of B.amurensis contained only 2 seeds.(2)In 200 infructescences of B.amurensis,the proportions of 1-seeded to 3-seeded fruits in each infructescence were all 0~100%,and the proportions of 4-seeded fruits in each infructescence were 0~60.0%.(3)Three hundreds and eighty six spines were found from every two 1-year shoots sampled from 20 adults of B.amurensis,the spine types exhibited a continuous variation pattern from solitary spine to 8-fid spine,and the number of solitary to 5-fid spines were,in turn,183,53,136,5 and 6,respectively,while only 1 spine for each of the 6-fid to 8-fid spine types.Solitary spine,2-fid and 3-fid spines were all high in percent occurrence,92.50%,75.00% and 80.00%,respectively,among the forty 1-year shoots,and were the three dominant leaf spines of B.amurensis.Whereas literatures all reported that mostly trifid spines,rarely solitary spines appeared in B.amurensis.Thus,in Berberis,further intraspecific patterns of morphological variation can be elucidated by field population sampling.

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李新华,卢树军.泰山黄芦木(小檗科)果实与叶刺特征的变异式样[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(3):478-482

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-04-17
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