两种类型栓皮栎软木细胞微观排列与形态特征
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国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项(201004011)


Analysis of Cellular Characteristics of Cork and Cellular Structure from Two Types of Quercus variabilis
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    摘要:

    采用扫描电镜对秦岭北坡楼观台地区的厚皮、薄皮两种类型栓皮栎软木进行细胞微观构造观察分析,并与欧洲栓皮槠进行比较,以阐明厚皮、薄皮栓皮栎软木的相关特性,为中国栓皮栎软木的合理利用提供依据。结果表明:(1)两种类型栓皮栎软木细胞的排列结构较一致,均由内部中空的封闭型薄壁细胞紧密排列组成;在弦切面上呈蜂窝状排列,径切面和横切面上呈砖墙状排列;在径切面上,软木细胞侧高整齐地排列成行,且与树干轴向垂直;在横切面上,软木细胞侧高整齐地处于以树干轴为中心散发出来的射线上。(2)栓皮栎软木细胞大小、细胞壁和侧壁褶皱等受生长季节的影响;从软木细胞形态特征上看,厚皮类型软木细胞壁薄、细胞体积大,其软木质量优于薄皮类型。(3)与欧洲栓皮槠比较,发现厚皮类型栓皮栎早软木细胞棱柱高较小(20.6 μm vs.(对比)30~40 μm),软木细胞壁略厚(1.7 μm vs.1~1.5 μm),细胞实体积(细胞壁体积占细胞总体积比例)略大(18.75% vs.10%),厚皮类型栓皮栎软木比欧洲栓皮槠的软木质量差一些。(4)受树皮生长应力的影响,两种类型栓皮栎软木细胞侧高壁上多发生褶皱,早软木细胞褶皱严重,晚软木细胞没有褶皱,但在早晚软木交界或含有杂质处褶皱特别严重,表明厚皮类型软木细胞的侧壁褶皱程度高于薄皮类型。(5)对细胞形态特征及软木特性等的分析表明,薄皮类型栓皮栎软木质量比厚皮类型差,未来对软木资源的开发利用应更注重厚皮类型。

    Abstract:

    With SEM,we observed and analyzed the microstructure of cork samples from thin and thick types of Quercus variabilis located in sunny slope of North Slopes Qinling Mountains where the core distribution area of this species was.Results show:(1)The cells of two types of cork have the typical features of cork tissues with a regular and radially aligned structure of suberized cells without intercellular void.In the tangential section,cork cells were seen as polygons in a honeycomb-like arrangement,while the radial and transverse section shown a brick wall-like structure.In the radial section,cork cells arrayed along a line which was vertical to the tree axial direction.In transverse section,cork cells arrayed along a radial which emitted by the center of the tree axial direction.(2)It was found that the thick type cork have thinner cell wall and larger cell volume than that of thin type cork.(3)Compared to Quercus suber,the cork quality of thick type of Q.variabilis were a few bad.(4)There were corrugations on the prism height of cell walls,especially during the growth ring and the lignified phellem cells.There were more corrugations during thick type rather than thin types.(5)The result shown that the cork of thick type of Q.variabilis was better than thin types.It was suggested that more attention should be paid to exploitation of cork resources of thick type in the future.

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白 超,张文辉,雷亚芳,等.两种类型栓皮栎软木细胞微观排列与形态特征[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(4):703-710

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-04-29
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