贵州柿地方品种表型性状遗传多样性分析
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贵州省科技攻关项目[黔科合农G字(2009)4003]


Genetic Diversity of Local Persimmon in Guizhou Based on Phenotypic Traits
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    摘要:

    采用文献查阅、实地踏查和异地保存相结合的方法,对88份贵州地方柿资源的34个表型性状进行了研究,并用主成分分析和聚类分析的方法对贵州地方柿资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行分析,为地方优良资源的开发利用奠定基础。结果表明:(1)88份贵州地方柿种质资源的数量性状和质量性状均具有较大的变异,呈现出丰富的多样性。(2)主成分分析获得了一个16因子模型,可解释81.41%试验数据,其中前6个主因子的方差累积贡献率达50.57%,对应的16个性状依次为:着色期果面油渍、叶先端形状、叶基部形状、柿蒂形状、萼片形状、果实颜色、果实纵沟、果顶形状、蒂洼、皮孔密度、叶横径、叶柄长、叶片颜色、单果重、可滴定酸含量、可溶性总糖含量、糖酸比,这些性状可作为评价贵州柿资源多样性的主要指标。(3)88份资源的Shannon遗传多样性指数平均值为1.57,遗传多样性在地区间差异明显,根据遗传多样性指数可初步推断贵州地方柿资源是由黔中、黔南和黔西区域向黔北和黔东区域演化。(4)Q型系统聚类分析显示,表型性状遗传距离最远为13.76,说明贵州柿资源的多样性丰富;88份资源被聚为6个类群,不同类群间表型性状差异较大,表明不同类群的亲缘关系较远,各类群或亚群可能具有相互独立的遗传背景。

    Abstract:

    Combining several methods of literature review,field survey and off-site preservation,34 phenotypic traits of 88 persimmon resources were determined,as well as the genetic diversity and relationship were studied through principal component and cluster analysis,to lay a foundation for compositive utilization and exploitation of the local superior resources.The results show that:(1)There were big differences between quantitative and qualitative traits in 88 Guizhou persimmon germplasm resources,suggesting abundant genetic diversity.(2)A model including 16 principal factors was acquired from principal component analysis,which could account for 81.41% of total variances.The cumulative contribution rate of the first 6 main factors was 50.57%.The main phenotypic traits of these six factors included fruit oil spot at coloring period,leaf apical shape,leaf basal shape,calyx shape,sepal shape,fruit skin color,grooves on fruit side,fruit apex shape,calyx cavity shape,density of skin stoma,leaf width,petiole length,leaf color,fruit weight,titratable acid,total sugar and sugar/acid.These traits could be used for evaluation diversity of persimmons resources in Guizhou Province.(3)The mean values of Shannon’s genetic diversity index of 88 germplasms were up to 1.57,and the genetic diversities of persimmon resources in different areas were distinctly different.According to the Shannon’s genetic diversity index,we could preliminarily inferred that the evolution and cultivation trend of local persimmon resources was from the Centre,Southern and Western to Eastern and Northern in Guizhou Province.(4)The results of the Q-type clustering analysis showed that the genetic distances of phenotypic traits were up to 13.76,which indicated that persimmon resources were diverse in Guizhou Province.88 germplasms were divided into 6 groups,and the differences of phenotypic traits were obvious among groups,which illustrated that the genetic relationships was distant among groups and the genetic backgrounds were relatively independent in various groups or sub-groups.

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韩振诚,潘学军,安华明,等.贵州柿地方品种表型性状遗传多样性分析[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(6):1152-1163

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-07-01
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