Abstract:Combining several methods of literature review,field survey and off-site preservation,34 phenotypic traits of 88 persimmon resources were determined,as well as the genetic diversity and relationship were studied through principal component and cluster analysis,to lay a foundation for compositive utilization and exploitation of the local superior resources.The results show that:(1)There were big differences between quantitative and qualitative traits in 88 Guizhou persimmon germplasm resources,suggesting abundant genetic diversity.(2)A model including 16 principal factors was acquired from principal component analysis,which could account for 81.41% of total variances.The cumulative contribution rate of the first 6 main factors was 50.57%.The main phenotypic traits of these six factors included fruit oil spot at coloring period,leaf apical shape,leaf basal shape,calyx shape,sepal shape,fruit skin color,grooves on fruit side,fruit apex shape,calyx cavity shape,density of skin stoma,leaf width,petiole length,leaf color,fruit weight,titratable acid,total sugar and sugar/acid.These traits could be used for evaluation diversity of persimmons resources in Guizhou Province.(3)The mean values of Shannon’s genetic diversity index of 88 germplasms were up to 1.57,and the genetic diversities of persimmon resources in different areas were distinctly different.According to the Shannon’s genetic diversity index,we could preliminarily inferred that the evolution and cultivation trend of local persimmon resources was from the Centre,Southern and Western to Eastern and Northern in Guizhou Province.(4)The results of the Q-type clustering analysis showed that the genetic distances of phenotypic traits were up to 13.76,which indicated that persimmon resources were diverse in Guizhou Province.88 germplasms were divided into 6 groups,and the differences of phenotypic traits were obvious among groups,which illustrated that the genetic relationships was distant among groups and the genetic backgrounds were relatively independent in various groups or sub-groups.