The chromosome number and karyotypes of five Saussurea species were analyzed by traditional squash method.The result showed that:S.macrota was 2n=2x=26=10m+12sm+4st,karyotype belongs to stebbing 2A type.S.dolichopoda was 2n=2x=26=14m+8sm+4st,karyotype belongs to stebbing 2A type.S.licentiana was 2n=2x=28=12m+16sm,karyotype belongs to stebbing 2B type.S.populifolia was 2n=2x=28=6m+18sm+4st,karyotype belongs to stebbing 2B type.S.caudata was 2n=2x=30=14m+14sm+2st,karyotype belongs to stebbing 2A type.In these five species,the chromosome numbers and karyotype of S.macrota species reconfirmed previous reports,while the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of other four species were presented in this paper for the first time,and a pair of B chromosome was discovered in S.licentiana.