To explore a positive action of the antioxidant defense system in rice plant response to abiotic stress,we used the Affymetrix Rice GeneChip to deduce the expression profiling of rice ROS scavenging system related genes under salt-stress or low temperature-stress treatment.The results showed that:(1)rice ROS Scavenging System involves 187 genes and /or ESTs that were composed of antioxidants,such as ascorbate,glutathione,tocopherols (Vitamin E),and antioxidant enzymes,such as superoxide dismutase (SOD),ascorbate peroxidase (APX),catalase (CAT) and so on.(2)In comparison with the control,there were 5 up-regulation genes (fold change≥2.0,P<0.05,the same as below) and 2 down-regulation genes (fold change≤0.5,P<0.05,the same as below) in Indica cultivar i-93-11 under low temperature stress; otherwise,there were 5 up-regulated genes and 6 down-regulated genes in Japonica cultivar j-NJ-1 under low temperature stress.(3)There were 31 up-regulated genes and 13 down-regulated genes in i-93-11,27 up-regulated genes and 25 down-regulated genes in j-NJ-1 under high salinity.(4)There was a big difference between the expression profiling of ROS scavenging system related genes under salt-stress or low temperature-stress treatment in Indica and Japonica rice.Furthermore,a ROS scavenging network planning in rice responses to high salt and low temperature stress was constructed according to the Affymetrix Rice GeneChip.