Abstract:The genome polymorphism among 41 pansy germplasms which collected from several regions worldwide were investigated by RSAP marker system.The genetic structure and relationships of and between them were analyzed by Bayesian and UPGMA methods,respectively.The results showed 26 RSAP primer combinations amplified 588 bands including 567 polymorphic bands.The polymorphism rate was 97.03%.Each primer combination detected 22.62 loci and 21.81 polymorphism loci averagely.18 primer combinations can distinguish 41 pansy germplasms individually,showing good applicability and effectiveness of RSAP in pansy genetic diversity analysis.Based on structure analysis,41 pansy germplasms were divided into 6 groups which indicated high correlations between group divisions and germplasm geographical origins.Nei’s genetic diversity index and Shannon information index of these pansy germplasms were 0.248 9 and 0.395 1,respectively,higher than those of tobacco,a selfpollinated plant,and similar to rose,an outbreeding plant.Based on the Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient,41 pansy germplasms were divided into three major categories,in which the third category were subdivided into four classes.The most of germplasms from the same or adjacent regions were gathered together,suggesting pansy germplasm exchange was restricted to some extent.Further study on genetic relationships among different geographic germplasm groups showed that the nearest genetic distance between Dutch germplasm group and that of China,the furthest between German group and that of China,which suggest it is important for China to introduce pansy germplam from Germany.The Shannon information indexes of 6 groups divided by flower color were from 0.199 4 to 0.364 9,in which white color groups had the highest one,while dark group had the lowest,revealing rich genetic diversity in the white color flower group and poor diversity in the black color flower group in pansy.