不同光质对甘蓝型油菜幼苗的生长和生理特性的影响
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安徽省高校省级自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2014A053);安徽省现代农业产业技术体系专项(AHCYTX-13);安徽科技学院重点学科(AKZDXK2015C05)


Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Rapeseed Seedlings under Different Light Quality
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    摘要:

    以甘蓝型油菜品种‘宁油12’为试材,采用单因素随机区组设计的盆栽试验,将直播后长至子叶展平时的油菜幼苗转入荧光灯(FL,对照)、蓝光(B)、蓝红组合1∶1(BR1∶1)、蓝红组合1∶8 (BR1∶8)和红光(R)下进行照射,考察不同光质对甘蓝型油菜生长指标、根系活力、叶绿素含量和光合产物等的光效应,筛选适合甘蓝型油菜工厂化育苗的人工光源,为油菜的工厂化育苗的光源合理利用提供理论指导和技术支持。结果表明:(1)油菜幼苗的鲜质量、干质量、根长、株高、茎粗和叶面积在BR1∶8处理下最大,并显著高于对照FL;(2)BR1∶8处理下的幼苗根系活力最强,其次为B处理,二者都显著高于对照FL;(3)幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素的含量在各光质处理下变化趋势一致,即B处理最大,其次是BR1∶8处理,二者均显著高于BR1∶1、R和FL处理,但BR1∶1、R和FL处理间均无显著差异;(4)BR1∶8处理幼苗叶片的可溶性糖、淀粉和游离氨基酸含量最高,且都显著高于BR1∶1、R和FL处理;B处理幼苗叶片的蔗糖、可溶性蛋白和抗坏血酸含量最高,且显著高于BR1∶1、R和FL处理;BR1∶8处理叶片的可溶性碳和氮含量最高,其次为B处理,并显著高于BR1∶1、R和FL处理;而对照FL处理的碳氮比最大,显著高于其他处理。研究认为,蓝红组合光(1∶8)能显著提高甘蓝型油菜叶片可溶性糖、可溶性淀粉、游离氨基酸、可溶糖总碳和总氮的含量,而蓝光则能显著促进叶片光合色素、蔗糖、可溶性蛋白和抗坏血酸的积累,有效促使幼苗快速、健壮生长,生产中可采用蓝红组合光(1∶8)和蓝光作为甘蓝型油菜育苗的人工光源。

    Abstract:

    The present study evaluated the effects of different light quality on the growth,root activity,pigment content and photosynthetic production of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings with pot experiment in order to select a suitable light for rapeseed artificial breeding.Cultivar ‘Ningyou 12’ with two expanded cotyledons were exposed to five lights of fluorescent lamps (FL,control),blue (B) light emitting diodes (LEDs),blue plus red LEDs (BR1∶1,1∶8) and red LEDs(R).The present results showed that:(1)fresh weight,dry weight,root length,plant height,stem width and leaf area were the greatest in rapeseed seedlings under BR1∶8 LEDs,which was showed significant differences to FL treatment;(2)root activity was the greatest in rapeseed seedlings under BR1∶8 treatment,followed by B treatment,which were showed significant differences to FL treatment;(3)the trend of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoid concentrations under five treatment were the same.The values were the greatest in seedlings under B light,followed by BR1∶8 treatment,which was showed significant differences to BR1∶1,R and FL treatments;(4)the contents of soluble sugar,starch and amino acid were the greatest in seedlings under BR1∶8 treatment,which were showed significant differences to BR1∶1,R and FL treatments;the contents of soluble protein,ascorbic acid and sucrose were the greatest in seedlings under B treatment,which were showed significant differences to BR1∶1,R and FL treatments;the contents of soluble carbon and nitrogen were the greatest in seedlings under BR1∶8 treatment,followed by B treatment,which were showed significant differences to BR1∶1,R and FL treatments;the ratio of carbon and nitrogen was the greatest under FL treatment,which were showed significant differences to other treatments.In general,rapeseed seedlings were grew well;thereby the growth and physiological index were also promoted.The BR1∶8 and B were the suitable light for rapeseed seedling growth and can be used as a priority light for rapeseed culture system.

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李慧敏,陆晓民.不同光质对甘蓝型油菜幼苗的生长和生理特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2015,35(11):2251-2257

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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-12-07
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