Wild litchi,the wild population of litchi,is an important gene bank for the betterment and innovation of litchi variety.The spatial distribution pattern,population diameter structure,static life table,and survival curve of litchi populations are studied base on the field survey of both inside and outside the natural conservation area.We revealed the population distribution and the trend of population dynamics of wild litchi,in order to provid the basis for the protection of wild litchi resources.The results show that:(1) wild litchi populations both inside and outside the natural reserve are aggregated distribution,and the aggregation degree of the nonnatural conservation area is more obvious than that of the natural conservation area.(2) According to the age structure analysis,the population structure of wild litchi is growthoriented,and its life expectancy is decremented with the age class increasing,and its survival curve is nearly linear type,which indicates that the population structure of wild litchi in the natural reserve is relatively stable;while those outside the natural reserve is of declining type.(3) The maximum of population dynamic index and random disturbance risky value of wild litchi population in the natural reserve is close to zero,but the value of the nonnatural conservation area is higher that than that of the natural conservation area.It indicates that the sensitivity of the protection zone outside is stronger than inside.That is to say,the living environment of wild litchi outside the protection zone has been seriously disturbed and the threatened by human beings.The study suggests that,in the nonnatural conservation area,the serious lack of saplings of wild litchi population is not only related to its own update mechanism,but more important is the destruction of the environment and human deforestation leading to structure change of wild litchi population and the decrease of wild litchi forest.