丫蕊花属植物花粉和种子微形态特征比较及其分类学意义
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国家自然科学基金(31570198,31470009,31270241);


Pollen and Seed Micromorphology Characteristics and Taxonomic Significance of Genus Ypsilandra
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    摘要:

    采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜,对4种丫蕊花属植物(丫蕊花、小果丫蕊花、云南丫蕊花和高山丫蕊花)的种子微形态特征及表面纹饰等进行观察,并对除云南丫蕊花外的3种丫蕊花属植物花粉形态、大小、表面纹饰等微形态特征进行观察和比较分析,并讨论了花粉及种子微形态特征的进化生物学意义,为丫蕊花属植物物种间的分类学鉴定提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)丫蕊花属植物花粉形态多为长球形,少数为超长球形,赤道面观为椭圆形,极面观为圆形,花粉大小为(22~36.5) μm × (11.5~24) μm,花粉外壁纹饰为刺状颗粒。(2)丫蕊花的花粉较大,极轴明显长于其余种,小果丫蕊花极轴长度最小。(3)花粉外壁刺状颗粒纹饰在4种丫蕊花之间存在差异性特征。(4)丫蕊花属植物种子细梭形,两端具纤维状长尾,种皮表面纹饰为复网纹纹饰。(5)云南丫蕊花的种子最大,种脊显著;小果丫蕊花种子最小。(6)组成种子表面网纹纹饰的网脊、网壁及网眼的表面特征等在各物种间存在一定差异。

    Abstract:

    In this paper, the pollens and seeds were compared and analyzed with the morphology, size and exine ornamentation characteristics of the four species of genus Ypsilandra, by using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The seeds of Ypsilandra thibetica, Y. cavaleriei, Y. yunnanensis and Y. alpina were reported for the first time, and the pollens of all the species (except for Y. yunnanensis) were also reported for the first time. Results showed that: (1) the pollen shapes of Ypsilandra were mostly prolate, the minority of them were perprolate with the size of (22-36.5) μm × (11.5-24) μm, and the equatorial view shapes were elliptical, the polar view shapes were round. The exine ornamentation were granulated with spinules. (2) The largest pollen size was to Y. thibetica accompanied with longer polar axis than other congeners, and the smallest was to Y. cavaleriei. (3) The pollen exine ornamentation characteristics among the four species were significantly different. (4) The seeds of Ypsilandra were fine spindle with double reticulum exine ornamentation, both ends have long fibrous tail. (5) The largest seed size was to Y. yunnanensis with significant seed ridge, and the smallest was to Y. cavaleriei. (6) The characteristics of line, ridge and mesh of reticulum were different among each species. This studies provided taxonomic evidence for the identification of the genus Ypsilandra species, and the evolutionary biological significance of pollen and seed micromorphological features was also discussed.

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曾心美,童 芬,刘艳梅,等.丫蕊花属植物花粉和种子微形态特征比较及其分类学意义[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(4):695-704

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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-05-05
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