丛枝菌根真菌预处理对铅胁迫下美洲黑杨雌雄株生理生化特征的影响
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国家自然科学基金(31300513);


Effects of AMF on Physiological and Biochemistry Characteristics of Male and Female Populus deltoides under Lead Stress
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    摘要:

    该研究以美洲黑杨(Populus deltoides)雌、雄株为对象,采用盆栽实验方法,通过接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)预处理美洲黑杨雌雄株后再进行铅(Pb)胁迫(200 mg/kg)处理,雌、雄株分别设置4个处理(对照、只接种AMF处理、只进行Pb污染处理、接种AMF后进行Pb污染处理),分析不同处理下美洲黑杨雌、雄株生物量积累与分配、叶铅浓度、抗氧化酶活性、氧化还原平衡、活性氧分子(ROS)含量的变化,以明确接种AMF预处理对美洲黑杨雌雄株Pb耐受性差异的影响并探讨其生理机制,为美洲黑杨在重金属污染区的性别选择推广提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)Pb污染对美洲黑杨的生物量积累与分配、叶铅浓度、抗氧化能力等方面具有显著影响且存在性别差异,雄株根冠比和ROS含量的变化幅度显著低于雌株,SOD和APX活性显著高于雌株,表现出更高的耐受性,而雌株对Pb胁迫更敏感。(2)接种AMF能显著提高美洲黑杨雌株抗氧化酶活性和氧化还原平衡能力,促进抗氧化物的合成,抑制ROS产生,缓解膜脂过氧化程度,减轻Pb离子的毒害作用,但菌根对雄株的影响不显著。(3)相关分析显示,除总生物量、TG含量、ASA/DHA比值和POD活性外,性别差异对美洲黑杨其他指标均有显著影响;Pb处理极显著地影响除SOD和GR活性以外的所有指标;接种AMF对美洲黑杨总生物量、根冠比与GR活性影响显著,对叶铅浓度、TG含量、ASA/DHA比值、H2O2与MDA含量、SOD和APX活性影响极显著。研究表明,美洲黑杨雄株比雌株对Pb胁迫的耐受性更强,而雌株更敏感,与AMF的共生可提高雌株对于Pb污染土壤的适应性,缓解雌株受Pb胁迫的影响,但菌根与雄株的共生不利于雄株适应Pb污染环境,这可能与接种AMF促进雄株叶片的Pb含量有关;在Pb污染较严重的区域(Pb>200 mg/kg)推广种植美洲黑杨雄株更为适宜。

    Abstract:

    Pb (200 mg/kg) was put in soil where male and female Populus deltoides were planted after arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) inoculation. Four treatments (check, only AMF pretreatment, only Pb treatment, AMF pretreatment and Pb treatment) were arranged to study responses in total biomass accumulation and distribution, Pb concentration, antioxidant enzyme activities, redox equilibrium, variation of ROS contents in leaves of male and female P. deltoides. Our aim was to understand the effects of AMF inoculation on physiology of male and female P. deltoides in response to Pb pollution, which is helpful for the selection and promotion of P. deltoides in heavy metal polluted areas. The results showed that: (1) Pb pollution exerted a significant influence on the biomass accumulation and distribution, Pb concentration in leaves, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and there were sexspecific differences. Comparing to females, there were lower changes in both rootshoot ratio and ROS content, but a greater increase in activities of both SOD and APX in males. The males exhibited a higher tolerance to Pb stress, while females were more sensitive; (2) The antioxidant enzyme activities and the redox equilibrium in leaves of females were improved by means of AMF inoculation. Symbiosis with AMF promoted the synthesis of antioxidants, but decreased toxic ion accumulation in leaves, the ROS content, and thus the extent of membrane lipid peroxidation in leaves. However, such beneficial effect from mycorrhiza was not obvious in males; (3) The correlation analysis showed that sex as a factor significantly affected all the indexes except total biomass, TG, ASA/DHA, and POD activity. All indexes in our study are affected by Pb pollution very significantly excepting activities of SOD and GR. AMF inoculation highly significantly affected Pb concentration in leaves, TG, ASA/DHA, H2O2 content, MDA content, and the activities of SOD and APX. Meanwhile, AMF inoculation as a factor also significantly influenced the total biomass, rootshoot ratio and GR activity. In conclusion, the male P. deltoides are more tolerate to Pb stress than the female. However, the adaptation to Pb pollution of female P. deltoides could be improved by symbiosis with AMF, and the negative effect from Pb stress in females was alleviated by the mutualism with AMF. Due to the increase of Pb accumulating in leaves of males, it seemed that the Pb stress became more severe when inoculated with AMF. The increase of toxic ion accumulation may cover the positive effect of mycorrhiza on males. Therefore, our results suggested that male P. deltoides might be a proper selection for phytoremediation of Pb polluted area severely (Pb>200 mg/kg).

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谭灵杰,胡相伟,王小军,等.丛枝菌根真菌预处理对铅胁迫下美洲黑杨雌雄株生理生化特征的影响[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(8):1559-1568

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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-09-20
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