中国看麦娘属植物颖片与外稃微形态研究
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国家自然科学基金(81274049);


Micromorphology of Glumes and Lemmas of Alopecurus in China
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    摘要:

    通过扫描电子显微镜对中国看麦娘属7种植物的颖片和外稃微形态进行观察,以明确颖片和外稃微形态特征的系统分类学意义。结果显示:(1)看麦娘属颖片的长细胞为长筒状,细胞壁多为波状弯曲;短细胞为近圆形或肾形;气孔器常见或缺如或稀少;冠细胞密布或者稀少;刺细胞常见或少见;硅细胞的形状多为椭圆形或者近圆形。颖片的不同主要体现在冠细胞和气孔器的有、无及刺细胞的分布。(2)看麦娘属外稃的长细胞长筒状或短筒状,细胞壁波状弯曲;短细胞椭圆形或近圆形或近长方形;气孔器常见或无;刺细胞均常见;硅细胞多椭圆形或近圆形或长方形;冠细胞偶见或密布。外稃的不同主要体现在短细胞和气孔器的分布或缺如及硅细胞的不同形状。(3)对看麦娘属的颖片和外稃微形态特征进行聚类分析,看麦娘属植物分成了2个分支,分支Ⅰ由看麦娘、长芒看麦娘和日本看麦娘组成,分支Ⅱ包括苇状看麦娘、大看麦娘、短穗看麦娘和大穗看麦娘;7种植物的颖片和外稃微形态分类检索表依次列出。研究表明,颖片和外稃微形态特征都可以作为看麦娘属植物种间的分类依据,除短穗看麦娘外,颖片和外稃聚类分析的结果与看麦娘属内划分的组一致,颖片和外稃微形态支持短穗看麦娘划入sect. Alopecurus

    Abstract:

    The morphological characteristics of the glumes and lemmas of Alopecurus including seven species from China were observed under scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that: (1) The glume micromorphological feature of Alopecurus was characterized by longtubular long cells with undulated wall, reniform or round short cells, sparse or abundant or lacking stomata, frequent or rare crown cells, common or rare prickle cells, elliptic or round silica cells. Presence, distribution of crown cell and stomata and prickle cells varied greatly among speices of Alopecurus. (2) The lemma morphology of Alopecurus was characterized by longtubular or shorttubular long cells with undulated wall, elliptic or rectangular round short cells, frequent or lacking stomata, frequent prickle cells, elliptic or round or rectangular silica cells, common or sparse crown cells. The lemma morphology of Alopecurus varied in presence or absence of short cells and stomata, shapes of silica cells. (3) The morphology of lemma and glume was conducted by UPGMA analysis. Two major clades were formed in the tree. Clade Ⅰ included A. aequalis, A. longiaristatus and A. japonicus, clade Ⅱ included A. arundinaceus, A. pratensis, A. brachystachyus and A. myosuroides. A key of Alopecurus on the basis of glume and lemma micromorphology was presrent. The glume and lemma morphology could provide for classification of the genus Alopecurus. Moreover, the type division based on the glume and lemma morphology was mainly congruent with sections according to external morphology except Alopecurus brachystachyus. The glume and lemma morphology indicated A.brachystachyus should be ascribed to sect. Alopecurus.

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胡述梅,李建霞,丁良霞,等.中国看麦娘属植物颖片与外稃微形态研究[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(10):1972-1979

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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-12-01
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