桫椤科笔筒树游动精子行为及形态观察
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国家自然科学基金(31770350);


Behavior and Morphology of Sphaeropteris lepifera(Cyatheaceae) Swimming Sperm
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    摘要:

    中国桫椤科植物近年出现了以幼苗减少为特征的生殖障碍新趋势,该研究首次观察了桫椤科笔筒树有性生殖关键环节即游动精子的行为及形态,以明确中国桫椤科植物生殖障碍发生的发育环节及其解剖特征。结果表明:(1)笔筒树的游动精子可分为初游期、平稳期、衰亡期。精子开始游动后经1~3 s的初游期,即可达到约200 r·min-1的自转频率、约130 μm·s-1的位移速度;在17~22 min的平稳期内,精子自转频率和位移速度基本稳定,对水体质量即颈卵器释放的化学诱导物质较为敏感;衰亡期为5~7 min,精子的自转频率、位移速度和敏感性逐渐降低,直至消失。(2)笔筒树的精子为长条状螺旋形,长10~12 μm,螺旋2.5~3.5圈,自上而下由顶脊、鞭毛带、鞭毛、精核、细胞质等5部分构成。(3)笔筒树精子的鞭毛带沿精核呈螺旋状分布在精核的前1/3处,着生有鞭毛32~48条,细胞质呈泡状,随精子游动时间的延长而逐渐萎缩,精核不均质。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, a new trend of reproductive disorder characterized by seedling reduction was appeared in Chinese Cyatheaceae plants, this test has observed the key link of the behavior and morphology of Cyatheaceae Sphaeropteris lepifera swimming sperm for the first time, in order to explicit the developmental stages of reproductive barrier and anatomic characteristics of Chinese Cyatheaceae plant. (1) Swimming sperm of S. lepifera can be divided into three periods: initial period, stable phase and decline period. After 1-3 seconds of initial period, sperm can accelerate to 200 r·min-1 of the rotation frequency and 130 μm·s-1 of the displacement speed; in 17-22 mins stable phase, sperm rotation frequency and displacement speed are basically stable, sensitive to water quality, namely, the chemical released from archegonium; in 5-7 min of stationary period, sperm rotation frequency, displacement speed and sensitivity to chemical inducer decreased, eventually disappeared. (2) Swimming sperm of S. lepifera is long spiral shape, long 10-12 μm, spiral 2.5-3.5 circles, from top to bottom, it consists of 5 parts: apical ridge, flagellar band, flagella, spermnucleus and vesicle. (3) The flagellar band of S. lepifera is present in the first 1/3 parts of the spermnucleus, there are 32-48 flagella. The cytoplasm was vesicular and atrophy with the time of sperm swimming, spermnucleus was not homogeneous. This paper provides a reference for the study of sexual reproduction Cyatheaceae plants in China.

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纪善博,向建英,刘保东,等.桫椤科笔筒树游动精子行为及形态观察[J].西北植物学报,2018,38(3):478-483

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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-04-23
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