In greenhouse, with cultivation Eurasian grape variety of Crimson Seedless as experimental materials, we sprayed the different concentrations (50,100 and 150 mg·L^-1)of 5aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on the leave and grape clusters in the stage of fruit enlargement and initial maturity, to investigate the effects of ALA treatment on grape leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit coloration and fruit quality. The results showed that: (1) after treated with different doses of ALA, grape leaf intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), stomatal conductance (G_s), transpiration rate (T_r) and net photosynthetic rate (P_n) had increased in different degrees, and 100 mg·L^-1 ALA had the best performance; (2) 50~150 mg·L^-1 ALA treatment significantly increased the grape anthocyanin, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents; soluble sugar content of fruit was significantly higher than that of control, and the titratable acid content was lower than that of the control; (3) 100 and 150 mg·L^-1 treatments can significantly improve the fruit maturity and fruit coloring parameters, and color index (CIRG) agreement was in good agreement with the accumulation of anthocyanins. It was found that spraying suitable concentration (100 mg·L^-1) of ALA during grape fruit enlargement and initial maturity stage can effectively improve leaf photosynthetic performance, and promote fruit coloring, and significantly improve fruit appearance, color and fruit quality.