In this paper, morphology,anatomy,lichen chemistry and molecular biology methods were selected to study the specimens of Lecidea from Xinjiang, and morphological characters, the secondary metabolites, and the phylogenetic tree of ITS were studied.The results showed that: (1) there were three species of Lecidea new to China which were Lecidea fuscoatrina Hertel & Leuckert, L. perlatolica Hertel & Leuckert and L. polypycnidophora U. Rupr. & Türk, and photos of the thallus, apothecia, asci and ascospores of them were provided. (2) The taxonomic status of the three species and the related species were studied and discussed through the ITS phylogeny in detail. The three species and the related species respectively formed three clades and were used to identify the species having subtle morphological differences.