The pot experiment was carried out by the lowtemperature stress under controlled conditions. We selected the annual dormant stems in five species (strains) of Euonymus as the experimental materials, aiming to study the physiological mechanisms and coldtolerance under controlled conditions. The temperature gradients were established of 0 ℃, -10 ℃, -20 ℃ and -30 ℃, respectively, by a temperature/humidity chamber in this study. The properties of cell membrane permeability, contents of osmotic regulators, protective enzymes activities and other physiological indexes in different Euonymus species were tested by the lab. analysis when suffered to various temperature conditions. Otherwise, leaf anatomical structure and subordinate function were used to evaluate the resistance capability of five species (strains) under cold condition. The results showed that: (1) E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ NO.6 had three close layers of palisade cell, while E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’, E. kiautschovicus, E. japonicus had two close and one loose ones. In contrast, E. fortunei had only two close layers of palisade cell. Lowtemperature stress led to varieties in leaf tissue tightness of the five E. species, and the order indicated that E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ NO.6 > E. japonicus ‘Cu Zhi’ > E. kiautschovicus > E. japonicus > E. fortunei. (2) The logistic equation was applied to analyze the relative conductivity of five E. species and the lethal temperature of 50% (LT₅₀), and the arrangement was as follows: E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ NO.6 (-19.69 ℃) < E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ (-17.41 ℃) < E. kiautschovicus (-16.03 ℃) < E. japonicus (-13.33 ℃) < E. fortunei (-10.45 ℃). (3) The contents of permeability regulate substances indicated a continuously increase with the decrease of treated temperature, while the soluble sugar content of E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ NO.6 and E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ improved the most at -30 ℃. Similarly, the soluble protein content of E. kiautschovicus and E. japonicus also largely increased. In contrast, the both former substance contents in E. fortune had the opposite trend. (4) The activities of antioxidant enzymes revealed the process of ascending firstly and then descending under the control condition. The activities of SOD, POD and PPO in E. fortunei and E. fortune reached to the maximum at -10 ℃. Different from that, the enzyme activities in the blade of E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ NO.6, E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ and E. kiautschovicus were at -20 ℃. And this changes were in accordance with the results of LT₅₀. (5) According to the changes of each index induced by coldstress, the results on resistance ability of five species were obtained by using membership function. The sequences indicated that E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ NO.6 > E. japonicus ‘CuZhi’ > E. kiautschovicus > E. japonicus > E. fortunei. From the above results, we could see that there were two ways to reveal the impacts of coldstress on various E. species. One side, it could regulate the osmotic potential through the synthesis of osmoregulation substances of the plants under cold stress. On the other side, the promoted activities of antioxidant enzymes could be benefit to the hazardous substances removal like the reactive oxygen species and polyphenol material etc. In conclusion, the adaptive ability to the lowtemperature stress to five E. species was evaluated correctly by studying leaf anatomical structure, lethal temperature of 50% and subordinate function. Hence, the mentioned conclusions could provide a theoretical basis for cold resistant screening and the application in city afforestation of E. germplasm resources.