We analyzed the changes of osmotic regulators and sucrose metabolizationrelated enzymes (SPS, Ss+, Ss-, NI, AI and SP) in leaves of G. uralensis. With G. uralensis seedling as the test material, CK, LS, MS and SS were designed for drought stress treatments by potted natural drought method, to explore the osmotic regulation of G. uralensis and the enzymatic mechanism of sugar regulation, and to demonstrate the response mechanism of G. uralensis to drought stress. The results showed that: (1) the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline in G. uralensis leaves increased with the aggravation of drought stress, while the ratio of bound water to free water increased first and then decreased. (2) The contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose in G. uralensis leaves increased first and then decreased with the aggravation of drought stress, but the peak time of different stress intensity was different. Sucrose content > starch content > glucose content > fructose content under drought stress of CK and LS, starch content > sucrose content > fructose content under drought stress of MS and SS, indicating that with the increase of drought, sucrose in G. uralensis leaves was transformed into starch. (3) With the aggravation of drought stress, the SPS activity in G. uralensis leaf first increased and then decreased. Ss activity and Inv activity showed a gradually increasing trend, while SP activity showed a gradually decreasing trend. In different drought stress levels, Ss+ and CK showed no significant difference, while Ss- and CK showed significant difference, and Ss-activity was much higher than Ss+ activity under various stress conditions, indicating that the Ss- activity in G. uralensis seedlings leaves played a major role. (4) According to the results of correlation in LS, NI and negatively correlated with sucrose, Ss- with starch was significant positive correlation, negative correlation with sugar. In MS, sucrose and glucose were positively correlated with SPS, Ss+, Ss-, NI and AI, and negatively correlated with SP. Under SS, SP and NI were positively correlated with sucrose and negatively correlated with starch. The results showed that Ss participated in sucrose decomposition and starch synthesis under LS. Under MS and SS, SP mainly catalyzes the decomposition of starch to increase sucrose content and balance sucrose metabolism.