玉米茎秆强度形成与木质素积累关系的研究
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国家自然科学基金(31760361)


Study on the Relationship between Stalk Strength Formation and Lignin Accumulation in Maize
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    摘要:

    为探究玉米基部节间质量性状与茎秆强度形成的内在关系,该研究选用不同耐密性玉米品种为材料,采用随机区组设计,在田间条件下研究玉米基部节间形态特征、干物质积累的变化特点,分析茎秆内部木质素积累动态变化及其相关合成酶活性对茎秆强度形成的影响。结果表明:(1)耐密品种‘先玉335’基部节间单位长度干重(DWUL)和直径均较高,不同品种的茎秆强度快速形成时期有一定差异,与木质素的积累密切相关。(2)耐密品种茎秆穿刺强度(RPS)和木质素积累快速形成时期较不耐密品种‘新玉41’长5~7 d,穿刺强度高于不耐密品种24.9%~36.6%,其木质素积累量高于不耐密品种12.5%~47.0%,且RPS和木质素积累速率较不耐密品种快。(3)玉米抽雄期(VT)前是基部节间木质素快速积累的关键时期,玉米大喇叭口期(V12~V15)酶活性与抽雄期木质素积累量呈显著或极显著正相关,对茎秆强度形成至关重要。(4)在玉米12叶期耐密品种‘先玉335’的木质素合成相关酶均显著高于不耐密品种‘新玉41’,PAL、TAL、CAD和POD分别较‘新玉41’高1.85、0.30、0.11和0.42 U·mg-1。研究认为,玉米大喇叭口期茎秆干物质积累量较高、木质素合成相关酶的活性较强,能有效促进木质素的快速积累,增加茎秆抗倒伏强度,进而提高玉米茎秆抗倒伏能力。

    Abstract:

    To explore the internal relationship between stalk qualitative trait and strength of the basal internodes in maize, this experiment selected different densitytolerant maize cultivars as materials. Random block design was used in the experiment to comparing the basal internode characteristics and analyzing the internal relation between lignin accumulation, enzyme activities and the rind penetration strength (RPS) under field conditions. The results showed that: (1) the dry weight per unit length (DWUL) and diameter of ‘XY335’ was higher. The rapid formation period of stalk strength was different among different cultivars and was closely related to the lignin accumulation. (2) The RPS formation period for densitytolerant cultivars was 5-7 days longer than ‘XY41’(a cultivar with poor density tolerance). The RPS and lignin accumulation amount were significantly higher than that of ‘XY41’ of 24.9%-36.6% and 12.5%-47.0%, respectively. (3) Before the tasseling stage (VT) is the key period for the rapid accumulation of lignin. The activities of enzymes for lignin synthesis in the V12-V15 stage were significant or extremely significant correlated with the lignin accumulation in the tasseling stage (VT). (4) Especially in V12 stages, the lignin synthesisrelated enzymes of ‘XY335’ were significantly higher than ‘XY41’, the PAL, TAL, CAD and POD of ‘XY335’ were 1.85, 0.30, 0.11 and 0.42 U·mg-1 higher than that of ‘XY41’. Which indicating that V12-V15 stage was crucial for the formation of maize basal internode stalk strength. The higher activities of enzymes in V12-V15 stage could effectively promote the rapid accumulation of lignin, then improve the stalk strength, and thus enhance the lodging resistance of maize stalk.

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朱丽斌,祁炳琴,李碧霞,等.玉米茎秆强度形成与木质素积累关系的研究[J].西北植物学报,2020,40(8):1389-1395

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-09-24
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