两种荒漠豆科植物化学计量特征与生境土壤因子的关系
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新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2021D01A123)


Relationship between Habitat Soil Factor and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Two Kinds of Desert Leguminous Plants
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    摘要:

    豆科植物是荒漠等干旱生态系统的重要先锋物种,也是生态系统中有效氮的主要来源。为了明确荒漠豆科植物与生境土壤因子之间的关系,该研究以古尔班通古特沙漠广泛分布的荒漠豆科植物弯花黄芪(Astragalus flexus)、镰荚黄芪(Astragalus arpilobus)为对象,测定不同土壤深度(0~5、5~10、10~15 cm)的理化性质,比较分析2种荒漠豆科植物化学计量特征与土壤因子的关系。结果表明:(1)弯花黄芪碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量分别为373.35、25.66、1.03 mg·g-1,高于镰荚黄芪的331.53、19.59、0.66 mg·g-1,且二者的N、P含量均差异显著(P<0.05);弯花黄芪的C∶P、N∶P分别为374.38、25.75,均极显著高于镰荚黄芪的166.09、10.12(P<0.01),而弯花黄芪的C∶N(14.62)低于镰荚黄芪(16.99),两种植物的C和C∶N均无显著差异。(2)豆科植物生境土壤在0~5 cm土层的有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)含量最高,且随土层的加深逐渐减少;土壤化学计量比SOC∶TN、SOC∶TP均随土层加深逐渐增大,而TN∶TP值随土层加深逐渐减少;较低的N含量及TN∶TP 显示该区域土壤属于N素缺乏类型。(3)2种荒漠豆科植物与各层次土壤化学计量特征的相关性无一致规律。其中,弯花黄芪立地0~10 cm土层的TN与N∶P间呈负相关关系,TP与P间呈极显著负相关关系,而TP与C∶N间呈正相关关系,SOC∶TN与N∶P间呈极显著正相关关系;在10~15 cm土层中,SOC∶TN与N∶P间呈正相关关系。镰荚黄芪中仅P含量与其立地0~5 cm土层的SOC∶TP具有极显著正相关关系,而大部分化学计量特征间未显示出相关性。(4)弯花黄芪的植物化学计量指标P含量与5~10 cm土层的电导率(EC)间呈极显著正相关关系,N含量与10~15 cm土层的速效钾(AK)间呈正相关关系;而镰荚黄芪N、AP与N∶P与0~5 cm土层的速效磷(AP)间均呈极显著负相关关系,与其他土层未出现相关关系。研究认为,古尔班通古特沙漠土壤N含量以及TN∶TP较低,土壤N元素贫瘠,且该区豆科植物立地土壤养分含量总体偏低;该区弯花黄芪生长的主要限制元素为P,而镰荚黄芪生长的主要限制元素为N和P;植物化学计量特征并非全部由土壤养分特征直接决定,其明显的种间差异显示植物自身遗传特性在土壤植物计量特征耦合关系的重要性。

    Abstract:

    Legumes are important pioneer species in arid ecosystems such as deserts, and are also the main source of available nitrogen in ecosystems. In order to clarify the relationship between desert legumes and habitat soil factors, this study took Astragalus flexus and Astragalus arpilobus as materials, which are widely distributed in the Gurbantunggut Desert. The physicochemical properties of different soil depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-15 cm) were measured, and the relationship between the stoichiometric characteristics and soil factors of the two desert legumes was compared and analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents of A. flexus were 373.35, 25.66 and 1.03 mg·g-1, respectively, which were higher than those of A. arpilobus, 331.53, 19.59, and 0.66 mg·g-1, and the contents of N and P were significantly different (P<0.05); the C∶P and N∶P of A. flexus were 374.38 and 25.75, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of A. arpilobus, 166.09 and 10.12 (P<0.01), while the C∶N of A. flexus (14.62) was lower than that of A. arpilobus (16.99), but there was no significant difference in C and C∶N between the two plants. (2) The organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents of the legume habitat soil in the 0-5 cm soil layer were the highest, and gradually decreased with the deepening of the soil layer; the soil stoichiometric ratio SOC∶TN and SOC∶TP increased gradually with the deepening of the soil layer, while the value of TN∶TP gradually decreased with the deepening of the soil layer; the lower N content and TN∶TP indicated that the soil in this area belonged to the type of N deficiency. (3) The correlation between the two desert legumes and the soil stoichiometric characteristics at different levels was not consistent, among which: there was a negative correlation between TN and N∶P, and a very significant negative correlation between TP and P. And there was a positive correlation between TP and C∶N, and a very significant positive correlation between SOC∶TN and N∶P in 0-10 cm soil layer of A. flexus. In soil layers 10-15 cm, there was a positive correlation between SOC∶TN and N∶P. Only P in A. arpilobus had a very significant positive correlation with the SOC∶TP in the 0-5 cm soil layer, while most of the stoichiometric characteristics showed no correlation. (4) There was a very positive correlation between the phytostoichiometric index P of A. flexus and the electrical conductivity (EC) in the 5-10 cm soil layer, there was a positive correlation between the available potassium (AK) and N in the 10-15 cm soil layer. The A. arpilobus was negatively correlated with available phosphorus (AP) and N, AP and N∶P in 0-5 cm soil layer, but not with other soil layers. The research showed that the soil N content and TN∶TP ratio in the Gurbantunggut Desert were relatively low, the soil N element was poor, and the nutrient content of the leguminous soil in this area was generally low; the main limiting element for the growth of A. flexus in this area was P, The main limiting elements for the growth of A. arpilobus were N and P; and the phytochemistry characteristics were not directly determined by soil nutrient characteristics, the significant interspecific differences showed the importance of plant genetic traits in the coupling relationship between soil and plant quantitative traits.

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依里帆·艾克拜尔江,李 进,庄伟伟.两种荒漠豆科植物化学计量特征与生境土壤因子的关系[J].西北植物学报,2022,42(8):1384-1395

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-06
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