杂交兰‘紫妍氏’叶艺性状的生理生化与细胞结构分析
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福建省农业科学院作物研究所

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福建省省属公益类科研院所专项(2020R1031003),福建省自然科学(2019J01113),福建省农业科学院英才项目(YC2019001),福建省农业科学院科技创新团队(STIT2017-2-9)


Physiological, Biochemical and Cell Structure Analysis of Leaf Mutant Traits in Cymbidium Hybrid ‘Purple Element’
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    摘要:

    本研究以杂交兰‘紫妍氏’(K21)及其3个叶色变异(叶艺)新品系(K21-1、K21-2、K21-3)为材料,分析叶片光合色素含量、叶绿素合成前体物质含量、叶绿素合成相关酶活性及叶绿素荧光参数变化,并进一步观察叶片显微结构和叶绿体超微结构,以探讨其叶色变异的生理基础。结果表明:3个叶艺品系叶片叶艺区域的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量均显著低于其相应的绿色区域和亲本绿叶;相较于相应的叶片绿色区域,K21-1、K21-2叶片叶艺区域的UrogenⅢ大量积累,K21-3叶片叶艺区域的PBG大量积累;3个叶艺品系叶片叶艺区域中的光系统Ⅱ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和实际光化学效率[Y(Ⅱ)]均显著低于叶片绿色区域,三者的光化学淬灭系数(qP)则显著高于叶片绿色区域;在显微结构和叶绿体超微结构比较中,相较于叶片绿色区域,叶片叶艺区域的细胞中含较少的叶绿体,且叶绿体的发育成熟程度较低,其中K21-3呈现出一种空腔化的结构。推测叶绿素前体物质合成受阻、叶绿体结构发育不良和叶绿素含量下降是杂交兰3个叶艺品系叶艺形成的原因。本研究从生理和细胞层面初步解释了杂交兰叶艺形成的可能原因,为进一步开展相关分子机理研究及合理利用种质资源奠定了理论基础。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the physiological basis of the leaf color variation in Cymbidium hybrid, ‘Purple Element’ (K21) and its three new strains were used as materials to analyze the changes of leaf photosynthetic pigment content, chlorophyll synthesis precursor substance content, chlorophyll synthesis-related enzyme activity and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter. Furthermore, their microstructure and ultrastructure were observed in this study. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid in the variegation leaves of three different strains were significantly lower than those in the corresponding green leaves. Compared with the corresponding green leaves, UrogenⅢ were accumulated in the variegation leaves of K21-1 and K21-2 and PBG were abundant in the variegation leaves of K21-3. The maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystemⅡ(Fv/Fm) and the actual photochemical efficiency [Y(Ⅱ)] in the variegation leaves of three different strains were significantly lower than those in the green leaves, while their photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)exhibited a inverse state. In the comparison of the microstructure and the chloroplast ultrastructure, the cells in the variegation leaves contained less chloroplasts than that in the green leaves, meanwhile, the mature degree of chloroplast in the variegation leaves was lower, even K21-3 presented a cavity structure. It is speculated that the inhibition of chlorophyll precursor synthesis, the underdevelopment of chloroplast structure and the decrease of chlorophyll content are the reasons for the formation of the leaf art in three new strains. This study preliminarily explained the possible reasons for the formation of the leaf art from the physiological and cellular level, which laid a theoretical foundation for further research on related molecular mechanisms and rational utilization of germplasm resources.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-05
  • 最后修改日期:2021-06-11
  • 录用日期:2021-04-20
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