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1.Ankara University;2.国际旱农研究中心;3.安卡拉大学

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brief Introduction of Lathyrus cultivation and Using in Turkey(山黧豆专辑)
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    摘要:

    众所周知,山黧豆起源于巴尔干半岛并传播到世界各地。在土耳其,山黧豆属作物有73 个分类群(约 1/3 为地方特有种),在全国各地均有分布种植,但主要集中在黑海中部、东南部和安纳托利亚东部地区。该文介绍了山黧豆属作物在土耳其全国的分布和在局部地区的食用、观赏等资源利用和保存情况。通常,不同国家人民会因为文化差异形成不同的饮食习惯,但山黧豆大多被用于制作汤、面包或其他咸点。山黧豆的栽培技术则因地制宜,土耳其在边缘土地上进行旱作种植,中国和印度部分地区多采用轮作种植方法等。作为一种极“小众”的作物,山黧豆研究工作的从业人员极少,而且缺乏大型联合研究项目。因此,需要联合化学、表型和分子分析等方法,以保护世界各地包括土耳其在内的地方种质资源,尤其是培育适合土耳其、中国等世界各国的食饲兼用型低β-ODAP 品种。总之,选育低β-ODAP或不含β-ODAP 的山黧豆品种将有助于丰富人类在食用、饲用和观赏等方面的物种资源利用。

    Abstract:

    It is well established that Lathyrussativus has it center of origin in the Balkan Peninsula, from where it spread to the other parts of the world through infusion and naturalization. Turkey has 73 taxa in genus Lathyrus, (of which about 1/3rd are endemic) that grow all over the country but are more concentrated in Central Black Sea, South East, and Eastern Anatolia Regions. The current study describes the cultivation and consumption practices of Turkish people where it is not consumed on large scales and is confined to a few locations. The people in different countries of the world have different eating habits depending on their culture. However, most people use them to make soup, bread, or salty snacks using whole, split grains/or powder. The cultivation techniques of the grass pea vary from place to place. These include cultivation under rainfed conditions on marginal lands in Turkey to using Utera method of cultivation in China and some parts of India. Grass pea is a neglected crop and all research work is carried out on an individual basis without the involvement of large or mega projects. There is a need of chemical, phenotypic and molecular characterization with emphasis on conservation of local germplasm world over including Turkey with focus on breeding low β-ODAP cultivars suitable for human and animals consumption everywhere in the world including Turkey and China. It is concluded that the selection of low or no β-ODAP cultivars will help in the production of better cultivars that could be used for food, feed, and ornamental purposes.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-12
  • 最后修改日期:2022-01-10
  • 录用日期:2022-01-10
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