塔里木河下游多枝柽柳幼苗生长和光合生理指标对输水漫溢的响应特征
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国家自然科学基金(41261103);


Response of Growth Dynamic and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tamarix ramosissima Seedlings to River Flooding in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River
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    摘要:

    以塔里木河下游天然漫溢区多枝柽柳幼苗为研究对象,分析连续漫溢干扰下多枝柽柳幼苗生长和种群变化特征,以及不同漫溢强度下幼苗的光合特性。结果表明:(1)在连续2次较强输水漫溢的干扰下,多枝柽柳幼苗种群密度从2013年3月到2014年7月呈先增后降再增的趋势,而其冠面积、株高和基径则呈先降后增再降的趋势。(2)在第2次输水漫溢较弱的Ⅲ监测区,多枝柽柳幼苗种群密度呈先增加后逐渐降低的趋势,而其冠面积、株高和基径则呈先降低后逐渐增加的趋势。(3)随第2次输水漫溢量逐渐减弱,多枝柽柳幼苗叶片相对含水量呈先降后增的趋势,叶绿素含量、实际光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(qp)均呈逐渐降低的趋势,而非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)呈逐渐增加的趋势,但潜在最大光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)总体处于相对适宜的状态。研究认为,连续2次较强的输水漫溢条件虽能够使生长季期间漫溢区多枝柽柳幼苗种群得到更新,但同时也导致大量幼苗受淹死亡,从而使漫溢区的多枝柽柳幼苗种群不能形成一定的规模;建议采取强弱交替的方式进行生态输水,既能提高新发生幼苗的存活率,又能使幼苗稳定的生长。

    Abstract:

    Taking Tamarix ramosissima seedlings in the natural flooding area along lower reaches of Tarim River as objects, we analyzed the growth of seedlings and variation of the population under continuous flooding disturbance, and the photosynthetic dynamic responses of seedlings under different flood intensities. Conclusions were as following: (1) the population density of T. ramosissima seedlings under continuous twice strong flooding disturbance, from March 2013 to July 2014, increased firstly, then decreased and increased lastly, but the seedlings’ crown, height and stem diameter decreased firstly, then increased and decreased. (2) The population density of the seedlings increased firstly and then decreased in monitoring area Ⅲ in which the second flooding disturbance was weaker, but its crown, height and stem diameter decreased firstly and then increased. (3) The leaf relative water content of the seedlings decreased firstly with the second flooding disturbance decreasing and then increased. At the same time, the chlorophyll content, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ in the light (ΦPSⅡ), photochemical quenching (qP) of the seedlings decreased, the nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) increased, but the maximal photochemical efficiencies of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm) maintained optimum value. The research means that although the continuous twice strong flooding disturbance could make the population of T. ramosissima seedlings regenerated, it also cause death to a large number of seedlings for flooding. As a result, the population of T. ramosissima seedlings could not form a certain scale. We suggest that we can adopt the strong and weak alternately manner to conduct ecological water conveyance, which can improve the survival rate of seedlings, and make the seedlings to grow stably.

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王明慧,马晓东,张瑞群,等.塔里木河下游多枝柽柳幼苗生长和光合生理指标对输水漫溢的响应特征[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(10):2038-2046

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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-11-14
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