In order to analyze the genetic diversity among germplasm of cultural walnuts,16 SSR primer pairs were used to amplify SSR fragments with 44 samples of Juglans regia from different ecological types,8 samples of Juglans sigillata,and 7 cultivars of Amerian walnut.The 16 pairs of SSR primers generated a total of 87 alleles.The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 9,and averaged 5.4.The observed heterozygosity (Ho) of 16 SSR loci ranged from 0 to 0.931 0,and averaged 0.389 4.The value of allelic polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.376 2 to 0.786 3,and averaged 0.663 2.The heterozygosity of 59 cultural walnut samples ranged from 0.133 to 0.813,and averaged 0.387.It showed that the heterozygosity of cultural walnuts was low.In the dendrogram,the walnut samples from Qinling Mountain and those from Huabei should belong to the same ecological type.Wild walnut samples from Xinjiang Gongliu County should belong to the one absolute ecological type,that was different from Xinjiang ecological type and Huabei ecological type.The American walnuts and J.sigillata,should be different ecological types in J.regia.