中文 | English
  • Current Issue
  • Online First
  • Archive
  • Most Downloaded
    Select AllDeselectExport
    Display Method:
    Research Articles
    Mitigation effect of epibrassinolide on Echinochloa frumentacea seedlings under salt stress
    HOU Wenjun, MA Dongmei, ZHANG Ling, HANG Jiahui
    2024,44(4):517-528   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230498
    [Abstract] (48) [HTML] (0) [PDF 827.03 K] (147)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Echinochloa frumentacea is a high-yielding and high-quality forage grass that can be used as both forage and feed. The soil salinization in the planting area seriously affects its normal growth, development, and yield. Epioilcanola (EBR) is an active analogue of brassinosteroid (BRs) plant hormones. To offer a theoretical foundation for the application of EBR to the production of E. frumentacea on salinized soils, it is necessary to investigate the regulatory effects of this lactone on the salt tolerance of E. frumentacea as well as its mode of action to mitigate the salt stress damage. 【Methods】E. frumentacea variety ''Ningji No.1'' seedlings were employed as test subjects. After determining the appropriate concentrations of salt stress, separate treatments were set up using salt (150 mmol/L NaCl) and various concentrations of EBR (1, 10, and 100 μg/L). The hydroponic test was used to examine changes in growth indexes, physiological stress resistance indexes, photosynthesis indexes, ionic homeostasis, encoding the signaling pathway of salt allergy (SOS), and the expression of genes related to antioxidant enzymes in the seedling under each treatment. 【Results】 (1) E. frumentacea seedlings treated with salt stress alone showed significantly slower growth (plant height, root length, biomass, etc.) when compared to the control; leaf photosynthesis indexes (chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Y(Ⅱ), Fv''/Fm'', ETR, qP, etc.); osmotic regulating substance content (proline content, soluble Proline content, soluble protein content); and antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) activities were significantly reduced; root K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents were significantly decreased, but root Na+ content was significantly increased; leaf reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide) content and cell membrane permeability (malondialdehyde content, relative conductivity) were significantly increased; in the meantime Nevertheless, the use of EBR therapy alone did not significantly impact the majority of the aforementioned indices.(2) After salt stress, E. frumentacea adverse alterations in the aforementioned indices were effectively reduced by spraying various doses of EBR treatments; the greatest results were obtained with 10μg/L EBR treatment (SS+E10).(3) Compared with the salt stress treatment alone, the growth indexes as well as the content of osmoregulatory substances, antioxidant enzymes and photosynthesis indexes of E. frumentacea seedlings treated with SS+E10 were significantly improved, the cell membrane permeability and reactive oxygen species content of leaves were significantly reduced; the intracellular Na+ accumulation in the root cells was significantly reduced, and the content of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the root system was significantly increased, and the homeostatic balance of Na+/K+ ions was regulated; and the expression of the genes related to the SOS signaling pathway and antioxidant enzymes was significantly up-regulated. 【Conclusion】 Foliar spraying of EBR significantly up-regulated the expression of SOS signaling pathway and antioxidant enzyme-related genes in the leaves of E. frumentacea seedlings under salt stress, enhanced their antioxidant and osmoregulatory abilities, reduced the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, maintained the balance of ionic homeostasis in the root system, and effectively protected the photosynthesis and normal growth of seedling leaves, which had a significant regulatory effect on the promotion of salt tolerance in E. frumentacea and had the best effect with the treatment of 10μg/L EBR.
    Induction Of Resistance To spot blotch In Barley By Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate
    YE Peiying, SI Erjing, LU Zonghui, WANG Juncheng, WANG Huajun, MENG Yaxiong
    2024,44(4):529-538   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230574
    [Abstract] (24) [HTML] (0) [PDF 911.93 K] (125)
    Abstract:
    Abstract：[Objective] To investigate the differential anti-leaf spot efficacy of various concentrations of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in barley and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanism, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the application of MeJA in controlling barley leaf spot.Barley spot blotch is a serious pathogen that significantly affects barley yield and quality. [Method]In this study, we used Mengpimai3 (MP3) seedlings as materials and conducted three different treatments:. Treatment A involved inoculating the barley leaves with sterile water without any Bipolaris sorokiniana (the causal agent of the disease),. Treatment B included inoculating the barley leaves with sterile water after treatment,. Treatment C involved treating the barley leaves with different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mmol/L) of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) before inoculation with the pathogen. The disease incidence was investigated at the three-leaf stage based on disease index and induced resistance effect to determine the optimal concentration of MeJA .Subsequently, we measured antioxidant enzyme activity, anti-disease related enzyme activity, malondialdehyde, proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein, the expression levels of related genes inwith MP3 leaves under no inoculating treatment, inoculation treatment and inoculating + optimal concentration of MeJA treatment were measured at different time points. treated with A, B, and the optimal concentration MeJA of C at different infection times to preliminarily explore differences in MeJA-induced resistance against spot blotch in barley and its molecular mechanism .[Results] The results showed that: (1) Exogenous application of MeJA enhanced MP3''s resistance against spot blotch; particularly at a concentration of 1.5 mmol/L where there was a significant reduction (P<0.05) in disease index by 19.03% compared to control plants, indicating the most effective induction of resistance.. (2) 2) In comparison to inoculating treatment alone, barley leaves treated with 1.5 mmol/L MeJA exhibited significantly increased activities of superoxide, peroxidase, catalase, chitinase and β-,1,3-glucanas. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in malondialdehyde content as well as proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein levels. Furthermore, the expression of MeJA regulated transcription factors and genes encoding disease-resistance related enzymes were significantly upregulated.Treatment C at a concentration of 1.5 mmol/L significantly increased superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activity compared to treatment B. The contents of malondialdehyde, proline, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins were significantly decreased (P<0.05); The gene expression levels of MeJA regulated transcription factors and encoding disease-resistant enzymes significantly upregulated (P<0.05). [Conclusion]Therefore, eExogenous application of 1.5 mmol/L MeJA enhances resistance against spot blotch in barley plants by regulating the activity of disease-related enzymes and the content of osmotic regulatory substances, as well as modulating the expression of disease-resistant enzyme genes and key transcription factor genes involved in jasmonic acid signaling pathway.
    Photosynthetic Physiological Response of 9 Camellia Cultivars under High Temperature Stress and Comprehensive Evaluation of Their Heat Tolerance
    GUO Weizhen, SONG Yao, ZHANG Danfeng, ZHANG Chunying
    2024,44(4):539-550   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230588
    [Abstract] (45) [HTML] (0) [PDF 861.78 K] (134)
    Abstract:
    【Aim】To provide theoretical basis for the heat-tolerance identification of genus Camellia, the discovery of heat-tolerance germplasm and the breeding of new cultivars.【Method】In this study, C. uraku and ‘Wirlinga Cascade’, a foreign cultivar were used as reference materials,7 new cultivars of cluster-flowering camellia were selected as test materials,after short-term (5h) and long-term (7d) high-temperature treatment, morphological, physiological and photosynthetic characteristics were observed. The heat tolerance was evaluated by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Results】(1) The contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid, chlorophyll a/b, Pn and Gs all increased, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo and ETR remained at a high level, and also ‘Chuizhi Fenyu’ and ‘Wirlinga Cascade’ did not appear heat damage at 7 days of high temperature stress.Pn and Gs of ''Jinye Fenyu'', ''Shangzhi Huazhang'' and ''Meigui Chun'' all decreased significantly under high temperature stress, while Ci increased. Among them, the Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo and ETR of ''Jinye Fenyu'' and ''Shangzhi Huazhang'' were significantly reduced, and after 7 days of long-term high temperature stress, these 3 cultivars showed serious heat damage or death. (2)15 individual indicators were converted into 4 independent comprehensive indicators with cumulative contribution rate of 90% through principal component analysis.The comprehensive weight values of chlorophyll content, carotenoid content and lutein content were higher at 5h under high temperature stress, and the comprehensive weight values of chlorophyll a/b, Fv/Fm, qP and qN were higher at 7d under high temperature stress. Under high temperature stress for 7 days, from the largest to the smallest of comprehensive evaluation value D was as follows: Camellia uraku >‘Wirlinga Cascade’>‘Chuizhi Fenyu’>‘Shangzhi Yueguangqu’>‘Shangzhi Huanlesong’> ‘Sweet Gem’>‘Meigui Chun’> ''Shangzhi Huazhang'' >‘Jinye Fenyu’.【Conclusions】According to the comprehensive evaluation value D, the 9 cultivars were divided into 3 heat tolerance grades, ''Chuizhi Fenyu'' and ‘Wirlinga Cascade’, were heat tolerance cultivars, ''Shangzhi Yueguangqu'', ''Shangzhi Huanlesong'' and ''Sweet Gem'' were medium heat tolerance cultivars, and ''Meigui Chun'', ''Shangzhi Huazhang'' and ''Jinye Fenyu'' had the weakest heat tolerance,the heat resistance of C. uraku needs to be further verified.Chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, xanthophyll content can be used as the key indexes to analyze the short-term high temperature stress of Camellia. Chlorophyll a/b,Fv/Fm,qP, qN,these 4 indexes can be used as the key indexes to analyze the long-term high temperature stress of Camellia.
    Effects of Exogenous Calcium on Physiological Characteristics and Medicinal Quality of Seedlings under Drought Stress of Platycodon grandiflorus
    SU Yunyun, FU Feifei, OU Xiaobin
    2024,44(4):551-561   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230564
    [Abstract] (22) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.25 M] (128)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] Drought stress inhibits the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in medicinal plants, reduces plant photosynthetic activity and photosynthetic carbon assimilation efficiency, hinders nutrient transport, and seriously affects the quality and quality of medicinal materials; Calcium is an activator of various enzymes in plant physiological activities, and Ca2+, as the second intracellular messenger, is closely related to abiotic stress in plants; Present study investigated that the potential physiological mechanism of exogenous calcium enhances drought resistance and medicinal quality of Platycodon grandiflorus in arid and semi-arid areas tolerance drought stress. [Methods] A pot experiment was set up to explore the effects of exogenous application CaCl2（10 mmol/L） on plant growth, photosynthetic gas-exchange parameters, and quality of medicinal parts in P. grandiflorus seedings under drought stress. [Results](1) Exogenous calcium treatment could significantly increase the root length and dry and fresh biomass of Platycodon grandiflorus under drought stress. (2) Exogenous calcium significantly increased the stomatal aperture, chlorophyll a content, total chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate (Tr) by 30.28%, 57.67%, 44.44%, 100.33%, 89.53%, 60.00%, and 83.11%, respectively, in P. grandiflorus leaves under drought stress. (3) Exogenous calcium effectively reduced the content malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in P. grandiflorus leaves under drought stress, which is significantly reduced by 13.82% and 18.66% compared to drought stress treatment, respectively. Exogenous calcium increased the peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in P. grandiflorus leaves by 25.43%, 7.90%, and 33.92%, respectively, compared to drought stress treatment, (4) Exogenous calcium alone significant increased medicinal components latycodin-D, polysaccharides, total flavonoids, and free amino acid content in P. grandiflorus roots by 35.34%, 34.87%, 4.19% and 6.52%, respectively. Compared with drought stress treatment, the content of latycodin-D, polysaccharides, total flavonoids and free amino acid were significantly increased by 10.94%, 7.53%, 6.07%, and 5.78% under exogenous calcium treatment, respectively. (5) Exogenous calcium increased the soluble protein content in the roots, and the mineral element content in shoot and root of P. grandifloras under drought stress. [Conclusion] Spraying 10 mmol/L CaCl2 enhanced the protective effect of antioxidant systems in P. grandifloras leaves under drought conditions, which increased the photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic performance through osmotic regulation and synergistically enhanced the accumulation of secondary metabolites. At the same time，exogenous CaCl2 enhanced the accumulation of secondary metabolites and mineral element and improved the quality of medicinal parts, resulting in alleviation of drought damage to P. grandifloras seedlings.
    Effects of Five Leaf Fertilizers on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Quality of Strawberry
    ZHANG Yang, CHEN Baihong, MAO Juan, LI Wenfang, MA Zongheng, WANG Ping
    2024,44(4):562-571   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20221005
    [Abstract] (603) [HTML] (0) [PDF 844.26 K] (859)
    Abstract:
    In order to explore the effects of different foliar fertilizers on the photosynthetic characteristics, fruit quality, and yield of greenhouse strawberries, and to screen out suitable foliar fertilizers, the strawberry variety "Monterey" planted in the greenhouse of Moujiatai Strawberry in Xigu District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province was used as the test material. Under sufficient fertilization, classic 750 times liquid (T1), Huapu 1500 times liquid (T2), and Runliang 750 times liquid (T3) were applied topdressing at four growth stages Five types of foliar fertilizers, namely 500 fold solution of Adela fruit (T4) and 1500 fold solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (T5), were used as control (CK) with clear water. The photosynthetic parameters, fruit quality, biomass, and yield of the treated plants were measured. The results showed that: (1) After spraying different foliar fertilizers, the biomass and chlorophyll content of strawberry plants significantly increased, and the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of leaves significantly increased. The intercellular carbon dioxide concentration of strawberry plants after spraying foliar fertilizers was higher than that of CK; (2) In terms of fruit quality, T2 and T3 treatments can significantly improve the strawberry fruit shape index, while T1 and T5 treatments can significantly increase fruit volume and weight. Among them, the average single fruit weight of T1 increased by 5.89 g compared to CK, while the transverse and longitudinal diameters of T5 fruits increased by 1.22 cm and 1.15 cm, respectively. (3) The solid hardness, soluble solid content, vitamin C content, and reducing sugar content have significantly increased, and T1 application has the best effect, increasing by 3.3%, 17.25 mg/g, and 2.71% compared to CK, respectively. The soluble protein content of T1 and T3 increased by 0.097 mg/g and 0.070 mg/g, respectively, compared to CK; (4) Spraying foliar fertilizer can significantly increase the yield per unit area of strawberries, and treatment T1 has the highest yield, an increase of 13.65% compared to CK. It can be seen that the application of appropriate foliar fertilizer can effectively improve the nutritional growth status of strawberries, enhance the quality of strawberry fruits, significantly increase yield, and the comprehensive effect is best when applying classic 750 times liquid foliar fertilizer.
    Identification and response to different abiotic stress of NAC transcription factors CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 in tea plants
    KONG Jieyu, YANG Ni, LUO Wei, HU Zhihang, WANG Yahui, ZHUANG Jing
    2024,44(4):572-581   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230590
    [Abstract] (31) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.04 M] (113)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 NAC transcription factor is a plant-specific transcription factor family, which is involved in plant biotic and abiotic stress response and hormone signal transduction. 【Methods】 In this study, two NAC transcription factor genes CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 were cloned from tea cultivar ''Longjing 43''. The analysis showed that CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 transcription factors contained typical NAM conserved domains of NAC family members at 15-150 amino acid sites and 11-134 amino acid sites, respectively. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that CsNAC79 was closely related to Actinidia chinensis, Diospyros kaki and Cynara scolymus; CsNAC9 was closely related to Amygdalus persica, Litchi chinensis and Durio zibethinus. Amino acid hydrophilicity / hydrophobicity analysis showed that both NAC transcription factors were hydrophilic proteins without signal peptides and transmembrane structures. Prediction analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoter region showed that both NAC transcription factors contained abiotic stress response elements. Protein spatial structure analysis showed that CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 proteins were mainly composed of random coils and alpha helices. The expression levels of CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 genes under different abiotic stresses were detected and analyzed by RT-qPCR. The results showed that the expression levels of CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 genes was up-regulated by drought, high salt, high temperature, low temperature, exogenous ABA and exogenous GA3 treatments, indicating that CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 genes were related to abiotic stress resistance response. In summary, CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 genes in tea plants may respond to various abiotic stresses. This study provides a reference for further analysis of the biological functions of CsNAC79 and CsNAC9 transcription factors in the future.
    Identification and Expression Analysis of SBP Gene Family in Rhododendron henanense subsp. lingbaoense under Abiotic Stress
    YU Xiangli, CHEN Yan, ZHAO Ruohang, LI Yonghui, ZHOU Xiaojun
    2024,44(4):582-592   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230516
    [Abstract] (448) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.35 M] (653)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP) plays an important role in plant development and abiotic stress. The aims of the study were to provide reference for the biological function and regulation of abiotic stress response of SBP gene family members of Lingbao rhododendron, and lay the foundation for the protection of the species. 【Methods】 In this study, the SBP gene family members in the whole genome of Rhododendron henanense subsp. lingbaoense was identified and analyzed by bioinformatics method. Tissue specificity was analyzed based on transcriptome data and qRT-PCR was used to detect the response of SBP gene expression in abiotic stress. 【Results】 The results showed that, (1) A total of 19 SBP genes containing SBP conserved domains was identified in the reference genome of Lingbao rhododendron, the length of amino acids encoded by the genes ranged from 179-1 072 aa with molecular weight ranging from 20.26-118.73 kD, the proteins were located in the nucleus, and the genes were unevenly distributed on 8 chromosomes. (2) 19 RhlSBPs were divided into 5 subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis and most RhlSBPs were clustered with Arabidopsis SPL family members. (3) MEME analysis showed that all RhlSBP shared motif 1, motif 2 and motif 4, and the number of introns in subfamilys Ⅳ and Ⅴ was much higher than that in subfamilys I, Ⅱ, Ⅲ. (4) The analysis of cis-acting elements showed that RhlSBP promoter contains a large number of light responsive elements, hormone responsive elements and stress responsive elements, suggesting that RhlSBP may play an important role in the response of Lingbao rhododendron to light regulation and abiotic stress. (5) Collinearity analysis indicated that the orthology of SBP genes in Rhododendron williamsianum and Rhododendron molle was higher than that of Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana. (6) Transcriptome data analysis showed that RhlSBP gene subfamily members had similar tissue expression patterns. (7) qRT-PCR analysis showed that RhlSBP gene had a response to abiotic stress, but different members of RhlSBP gene had different response degrees under different stresses. After methyl jasmonate（MeJA）and low temperature treatment, the gene expression was generally up-regulated, and high salt treatment inhibited RhlSBP gene expression. Under drought conditions, RhlSBP gene expression was up-regulated and then down-regulated. RhlSBP1 and RhlSBP8 may be the key genes induced by drought, low temperature and MeJA.
    Analysis of Salt Tolerance of CaNAC36 Transcription Factor in Pepper
    GONG Chengsheng, ZHENG Yuqing, PAN Baogui, GUO Guangjun, DIAO Weiping
    2024,44(4):593-601   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230658
    [Abstract] (11) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.20 M] (109)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] Pepper is the largest vegetable crop planted in China. With the increasingly serious salinization of land in China, it is of great significance to strengthen the research of pepper salt tolerance mechanism to promote the sustainable development of pepper industry. Therefore, it is urgent to accelerate the functional study of key genes related to pepper salt tolerance. [Methods] In the early stage of this study, the transcription factor CaNAC36 related to pepper salt tolerance was excavated. On this basis, the full-length gDNA and cDNA sequences of CaNAC36 were cloned using salt-tolerant capsicum PI201224 and salt-sensitive capsicum PI438643 as test varieties. The expression of CaNAC36 and its interacting genes in different tissues under salt stress was quantitatively analyzed by fluorescence, and the potential relationship between CaNAC36 and its interacting genes was further explored by bioinformatics analysis. [Results] The results showed that the DNA and cDNA sequence homology of the CaNAC36 in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive materials were 99.86% and 100%, respectively. The results of fluorescence quantification showed that the CaNAC36 showed an up-expression of in roots and stems salt-tolerant pepper, and a down-expression in salt-sensitive roots and leaves. After analyzing the annotation information of 48 genes that may interact with CaNAC36, it was found that 14 genes belonging to transmembrane protein, transporter protein, water porin, chloride channel protein, detoxifying protein and other genes may have functional interaction with CaNAC36. Further analysis revealed that PI201224 and PI438643 exhibited significant differences in the expression of five related genes (Capana08g002748, Capana00g004514, Capana09g000275, Capana07g001450, Capana02g001031) at different time points and tissues under salt stress treatment. Meanwhile, the promoter domains of CaNAC36 and 5 associated genes were found to contain a large number of stress-related cis-acting elements. [Conclusion] This study combined with gene cloning, gene expression level analysis and bioinformatics analysis, found that CaNAC36 was an important transcription factor in pepper response to salt stress, and may interact with other genes to improve plant salt tolerance. This study provides data support for in-depth research on pepper salt tolerance and breeding of salt-tolerant varieties.
    Cloning and Expression Analysis of the VvbHLH79 Gene Involved in Regulating Grape Tartaric Acid Biosynthesis
    YANG Huanqi
    2024,44(4):602-611   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230576
    [Abstract] (28) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.62 M] (119)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Grapes are typical accumulators of tartaric acid, which not only affects the taste of grape berries but also determines the color, texture, microbial stability, and aging potential of wine. 【Methods】 The bHLH transcription factors are involved in the regulation of various biological processes in plants, including growth and development, secondary metabolism, and stress responses. Our research group has previously screened a bHLH transcription factor related to tartric acid biosynthesis. In this study, using ‘Traminer’, ‘Marselan’ wine grape as experimental material, we cloned the tartaric acid content related transcription factor VvbHLH79 by PCR. We performed bioinformatic and subcellular localization analyses of VvbHLH79. Furthermore, we measured the tartaric acid content and VvbHLH79 expression levels in grape berries at different developmental stages using HPLC and qRT-PCR techniques. We also constructed a plant expression vector and the expression and tartaric acid content of VvbHLH79 were detected after transient transformation of young grape berries using Agrobacterium-mediated fruiting pedicle infection, in order to clarify the role of the VvbHLH79 gene on the content of tartaric acid in grape berries.These results provide a foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tartaric acid biosynthesis by VvbHLH79. 【Results】 The results showed: (1) A grapevine VvbHLH79 gene was obtained by RNA-seq sequencing, with a full-length CDS sequence of 831 bp, encoding 277 amino acids, a relative molecular weight of 66.22 kD, and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.15. It belongs to the class of unstable hydrophilic proteins without signal peptides and transmembrane structures. Amino acid residues 147-232 contain the bHLH-SF conserved domain, classifying it within the bHLH transcription factor family. The protein is localized in the cell nucleus. (2) Homologous sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree results showed that the grapevine VvbHLH79-encoded protein had the highest sequence similarity with the bHLH89-encoded protein in riverbank grape (Accession number: XP_034699340.1), with a sequence identity of 99.64%. (3) qRT-PCR analysis revealed a gradual decrease in VvbHLH79 relative expression levels during the development of ‘Traminer’ grapes fruits, decreasing by approximately 67.25% from veraison to harvest. HPLC results indicated that the accumulation of tartaric acid occurred mainly before the color change of the grapes, with a rapid decrease in tartaric acid content after the color change. (4) Transient overexpression of VvbHLH79 in low tartaric acid grape berries resulted in a significant increase in tartaric acid content, whereas silencing of VvbHLH79 in high tartaric acid grape berries resulted in a significant decrease in tartaric acid content, confirming that the VvbHLH79 gene positively regulates tartaric acid content. 【Conclusion】 This study suggests that the VvbHLH79 transcription factor may play a role in the tartaric acid biosynthesis pathway in grape berries.
    Identification and expression analysis of TST gene family in grape
    YANG Jie, GONG Lili, XU Tao, ZHAO Shuangying, YANG Zhongyi, WU Yueyan
    2024,44(4):612-623   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230602
    [Abstract] (366) [HTML] (0) [PDF 7.14 M] (724)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 The Tonoplast sugar transporter (TST or TMT) is a crucial sugar transport protein in the developmental trajectory of plants. The study aims to investigate the role of this gene family in the progression of grape growth and development, further provide a solid foundation for elucidation of the function of TST gene. 【Methods】 A total of 13 TST genes were identified from the grape genome using homology analysis technique. Information regarding the gene structure and encoded protein was analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Utilizing the qRT-PCR technique, the VvTST expression level in different grape tissues during ''Yinhong'' grape development was analyzed, and a correlation with soluble sugar content in the grapes at different time points were studied. 【Results】 The study''s results indicate that the gene family is distributed across six chromosomes and contains three segmental repetitions and three tandem repetition genes; according to systematics, it can be classified into three subfamilies, each with members sharing structural similarity; cis regulatory elements suggest that TST genes include ample cis regulatory elements related to phytohormone, light, and stress response; the protein structure reveals that the family is composed of α-helices and irregular coils, and the protein model of each subfamily is similar. The qRT-PCR results indicate that VvTST is expressed in various tissues, possessing spatiotemporal expression specificity. Correlation analysis between changes in gene expression levels in grapes and changes in soluble sugar content in grapes found that theexpression levels of four VvTSTs (VIT_18s0001g12560, VIT_18s0122g00850, VIT_04s0023g01860, and VIT_03s0038g03940) exhibit similar trends with the accumulation of soluble sugars in the grape flesh. 【Conclusion】The aforementioned findings indicate that VvTST may play a vital role in the accumulation of soluble sugars in the flesh of grapes.
    Genome-wide association study of flowering and maturity time in soybean under the dominant E1 allele background
    ZHANG Pu, JIA Shihao, SHA Zhen, YANG Zhiya, OU Qiaoxin, CAO Yongce
    2024,44(4):624-633   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230435
    [Abstract] (17) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.73 M] (98)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】The objectives of this study were to deeply dissect the genetic basis of soybean flowering and maturity time and identify important genomic regions that can be used for molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) and novel gene cloning. 【Method】224 soybeans with dominant E1 allele were planted in four environments to investigate phenotypic data. Six multi-locus association analysis models from the R-mrMLM software package were employed for genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) on soybean flowering and maturity time. 【Result】 A total of 91 flowering and 83 maturity time QTNs (quantitative trait nucleotides) were detected by combining six multi-loci GWAS methods. Among them,6 flowering and 10 maturity time QTNs can be detected in various environments. These stable QTNs were distributed in 15 haplotype blocks (genomic regions) with an interval size of 90-490 Kb. Six out of 15 important genomic regions were newly detected in this study. 【Conclusion】The results indicate that the QTN composition of soybean flowering and maturation time under the dominant E1 gene background is complex. The 15 genomic regionss, such as 39.52~40.01 Mb on chromosome 5, were the important loci controlling soybean flowering or maturation time in this population.
    Effect of Forest Factor on Species Diversity of Different Plantation Communities in Chengdu Ring Expressway
    CHEN Bolan, BAI Yishu, TANG Lan, CHEN Huiqin, WEI Junde, HAO Jianfeng
    2024,44(4):634-643   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230669
    [Abstract] (8) [HTML] (0) [PDF 635.19 K] (113)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] In order to explore the effects of stand factors on the species diversity of plantation communities in different road areas, and to provide a reference for the construction and management of plantations in Chengdu road area. [Methods] This study used the typical plot method to analyze five different plantation communities (I, poplar pure forest; Ⅱ, camphor and poplar mixed forest; Ⅲ, pure camphor forest; Ⅳ, mixed forest of camphor and eucalyptus; V, eucalyptus grandis forest) to investigate the stand factors and species diversity of understory vegetation. [Results] (1) A total of 184 plant species belonging to 72 families and 132 genera were recorded in the study area. The number of plant species in the tree-shrub-grass layer of five different plantation forest communities varied from herb layer > shrub layer > tree layer, among which the number of understory species recorded in the pure camphor forest; was the highest. (2) The importance values of Broussonetia papyrifera and Humulus scandens dominated the shrub layer and herb layer of different plantation forest communities, respectively. (3) Among the five different plantation forest communities, the shrub species richness index D of pure camphor forest was significantly higher than that of the other communities(P<0.05); the Shannon-Wiener index H, Simpson index H′ and D size of the herbaceous layer had the same trend of change, which showed that the community: Ⅲ>Ⅳ>I>I>I>V, of which H of pure camphor forest was significantly higher than that of the other communities except mixed forest of camphor and eucalyptus(P<0.05). (4) The results of redundancy analysis showed that the average crown width in the tree layer was significantly positively correlated with D and H in shrub layer, H, H'', D and Jsw in herbaceous layer (P<0.01), and negatively correlated with H'' and Jsw in shrub layer (P<0.01). The average height under branches in the tree layer was significantly positively correlated with H, H'', D, and Jsw in shrub layer (P<0.01). [Conclusion] The study concluded that tree species composition, average undershoot height and average crown width of the tree layer significantly affected the species diversity of plantation communities in the road area, and the selection of appropriate tree species and regular pruning management would be conducive to the formation of good tree and shrub community structure and the maintenance of understory vegetation species diversity in road plantations.
    Evaluation of Nut Traits of Dominant Varieties of Ping’ou Hybrid Hazelnut in North Anhui Province
    WANG Lujun, SUN Jing, ZHOU Misheng, LLIANG Lisong, MA Qinghua
    2024,44(4):644-653   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230628
    [Abstract] (12) [HTML] (0) [PDF 579.01 K] (117)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】The objective of this study is to evaluate the nut traits of the dominant varieties cultivating in north Anhui Province and analyse the suitability of the varieties for processing. 【Methods】 Twenty-two varieties of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts were introduced to north Anhui province since 2011 among which, 9 varieties were selected as advanced varieties based on their adaptation and yielding ability. In this study, the economic nut traits, the nutritional composition, mineral elements, composition and physicochemical properties of fatty acid of hazelnut kernels were studied. According to the analyzation and evaluation of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts from different processing and utilization perspectives, such as baking, kernel, oil and fresh-eating, the objective of this study is to show the performance of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts in north Anhui province, and provide a scientific basis for the selection and popularization of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts. 【Results】 The results showed that, the distribution range of nut mass, nut size, nut shape index, kernel mass, shell thickness and kernel mass percentage of 9 advanced varieties were 2.54-4.40 g, 18.99-21.49 mm, 1.04-1.31, 1.00-1.66 g, 1.53-2.41 mm and 34.36%-47.01%, respectively. The distribution range of fat, protein and soluble sugar content were 50.50-58.00 g/（100 g）, 21.10-25.10 g/（100 g） and 4.08%-4.94%, respectively. There were 8 fatty acids were detected from the hazelnut kernels, including palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid and cis-11-eicosenoic acid, among which, the content of oleic acid was the highest one with the distribution range of 81.21%-88.53%. The content of unsaturated fatty acid was 92.19%-94.61% among the total content of fat in hazelnut kernels. In terms of mineral nutrition, the content of potassium, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in hazelnut kernels were relatively rich. As for the processing capacity, the distribution range of single plant yield, fat production and protein production of 9 advanced varieties were1.52-2.20 kg, 330.50-503.47 g and 141.68-224.40 g, respectively. 【Conclusion】 According to different consumption patterns, the result showed that among the 9 advanced varieties of Ping’ou hybrid hazelnuts, Liaozhen 3 was the best one for base market, Liaozhen 3, Dawei and Liaozhen 4 were the best ones for kernel market, Dawei, Liaozhen 3 and Ping’ou 545 were the best ones for the fresh-eating market. Liaozhen 4 could be used as oil processing varieties, Liaozhen 1 could be used as functional protein beverage processing varieties, Dawei and Liaozhen 9 could be used as high calcium processing varieties.
    Chromosome ploidy identification and breeding system analysis of different Rosa odorata
    HOU Qiumei, ZHOU Yan, YANG Shuo, ZHANG Jiajia, ZHOU Hongying, WU Honge
    2024,44(4):654-661   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230556
    [Abstract] (22) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.10 M] (118)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Rosa odorata is an important germplasm resource of Rosa, which has high value of appreciation and utilization. In order to promote the development and utilization of the germplasm resources, the chromosome ploidy, floral synthesis and breeding system characteristics of different R. odorata were studied.【Method】In this study, the chromosome ploidy, pollen vitality, stigma vitality and flower characteristics of 9 R. odorata were observed and determined by flow cytometer and out crossing index, and the breeding system was analyzed. 【Results】 9 R. odorata were identified as diploid, and their flowers were bisexual with bright colors and mostly double or semi-double petals. Male and female flowers of 4 varieties mature at different time. Meanwhile, their pollen vitality was generally low, and the highest pollen vitality was only 35.47%.The out crossing index(OCI) of all varieties was ≥4, and Pollen volume-ovule ratio(P/O) values ranged from 6 709 to 75 521. 【Conclusion】 The combination of out crossing index(OCI) and Pollen volume-ovule ratio (P/O) indicated that the breeding system type of 9 R. odorata was mainly outcross, and the breeding system was affected by many factors, such as the number of pollen grains and petals.
    Micromorphological characteristics of leaf epidermis and its Taxonomic Sgnificance of Phoebe Plants in Hubei Province
    XIONG Xuefen, ZHOU Bengeng, MAO Chunyan, HU Die
    2024,44(4):662-672   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230577
    [Abstract] (16) [HTML] (0) [PDF 4.31 M] (114)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Most species of phoebe are similar in morphology and the boundaries among species are blurred, making the identification and recognition of species very difficult, particularly in the period without flowers and fruits. Micromorphological characteristics of leaves are valuable for the interspecific definition of plants, but studies on Phoebe in this aspect are still scarce. 【Methods】 In this study, authors observed leaf morphology and leaf micromorphology of eight species and one variant of Phoebe in Hubei Province using stereo microscope and light microscope. For all species, authors measured and analyzed the quality properties and quantity properties of stomata and trichomes. The purpose is to provide the necessary basis for the identification and classification of Phoebe. 【Results】 Four types of leaf shapes were characterized, including large, medium, small, and irregular leaves. Trichomes were grouped into thin pubescent, thick pubescent, villous, and mixed pubescent and villous (villous trichomes are mainly found on leaf veins). The trichoid density of P. hunanensis (200 roots/mm2) differed significantly to P. bournei, P. chekiangensis, and P. sheareri (under 100 root/mm2). Shapes of epidermis cells were polygon or irregular, and the anticlinal wall in epidermis cells was classified intostraight-curved, sinuolate or undulated. The shape of stomatas was wide oval or nearly round. Density of stomatal apparatus was highest in P. sheareri(with an average of 700/mm2), and was lowest in P. chinensis and P. hunanensis (less than 500/mm2). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between density and aspect ratio of stoma, as well as density and length of trichome. 【Conclusion】 It is suggested that the combination of morphological and micromorphological characteristics of leaves could not only provide important basis for identification and differentiation of the nine species, but also provide necessary references for interspecific definition of phoebe.
    New Plant Taxa
    Sedum fluviale (Crassulaceae), a new species from Jiangxi, China
    ZHU Zongwei, CHEN Bin, CHEN Shipin
    2024,44(4):673-680   DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230632
    [Abstract] (39) [HTML] (0) [PDF 4.28 M] (120)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】During a survey of forest germplasm resources in the Yangjifeng National Nature Reserve in northeastern Jiangxi, China, in 2021, the authors discovered a plant belonging to the Crassulaceae family and Sedum genus. This species differs from previously reported plants of the same genus, and this paper discusses and determines its taxonomic status. 【Methods】 Multiple populations on Yangjifeng were tracked, and detailed observations and morphological comparisons were conducted at different phenological stages to identify similar and distinguishing characteristics. Additionally, its national distribution was determined through literature review and specimen examination. 【Results】 The species has a lotus-shaped nutritive branch in the seedling stage, with the most similar species being Sedum subtile Miq. Distinguishing features include well-developed and trinodal sterile branches, 5 to 16 flowers per branch on the flower stem, and spatulate-lanceolate bracts in the former, while the latter has slender sterile branches with alternate or opposite leaves, 3 to 5 flowers per branch on the flower stem, and linear bracts. 【Conclusion】 The study indicates that this species is new to science and is named Sedum fluviale B. Chen & Z. W. Zhu. It is specifically found in stream environments and has a broad distribution, including provinces such as Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Hunan, and Guizhou. There were previously many misidentifications. The holotype specimen is stored at the Shanghai Chenshan Herbarium(CSH).
    Select AllDeselectExport
    Display Method:
    Functional Identification of OsMGD2 and OsMGD3 Gene in Rice and their Effects in Response to Phosphorus Deficiency in Tobacco
    XI Yuan, ZHANG Meijuan, LI Shasha, WANG Linglong, YIN Lina, WANG Shiwen
    Available online:April 25, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (0) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.78 M] (8)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Monogalactose diglyceride synthase (MGD) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of monogalactose diglyceride (MGDG) and plays an important role in plant response to low phosphorus tolerance. To systematically understand the role and function of OsMGD2 and OsMGD3 genes in response to phosphorus(P) deficiency. 【Methods】 A pot experiment was conducted to analysis physiological responses and lipid composition changes of wild-type (SR1) and transgenic tobacco under normal and P deficiency condition.【Results】 The was no difference in P content between transgenic and wild-type tobacco under normal and P deficiency conditions. However, the biomass, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic electronic transfer of transgenic tobacco were significantly higher than wild type. The phospholipid (PL) content, digalactose diglyceride (DGDG) content, DGDG/MGDG ratio and galactosyllipid (GL)/PL ratio of transgenic tobacco were significantly higher than those of wild type tobacco under low phosphorus deficiency, and the lipid content and ratio of OsMGD3 transgenic tobacco were higher than OsMGD2 transgenic tobacco.【Conclusion】 Regulation of OsMGD2/3 gene expression in rice can improve the membrane lipid remodeling ability of plants under phosphorus deficiency, maintain the higher photosynthetic and growth capacity of plants under phosphorus deficiency, and increase the plant tolerance to low phosphorus stress.
    Effects of silicon on water metabolism and photosynthetic characteristics of Cucurbita pepo L seedlings under salt stress
    WANG Guoshuai, ZHAO Jianuo, WEI Haotai, WANG Peng, LUO Shilei, ZHANG Guobin
    Available online:April 25, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (4) [HTML] (0) [PDF 678.93 K] (15)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] The high concentration of salt in soil seriously affected the yield and quality of Cucurbita pepo L, and exogenous silicon could effectively alleviate the damage of salt stress to crops.To explore the protective mechanism of exogenous silicon on water metabolism and photosynthesis of Cucurbita pepo L. seedlings under salt stress, and to provide theoretical reference for salt resistance of C. pepo. [Methods] Taking“Hanlu 7042” C. pepo variety as test material, through hydroponic experiment, four treatments were set: Control , silicon treatment(0.3 mmol/L Na2SiO3·9H2O), salt stress(150 mmol/L NaCl), salt stress + silicon treatment(0.3 mmol/L Na2SiO3·9H2O + 150 mmol/L NaCl). After 10 days of treatment, the root morphology, root activity, leaves water content, leaves water potential, photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and expression of plasma membrane aquaporin gene were determined. [Results]Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth of C. pepo seedling roots, decreased root activity, leaf water content, leaf water potential and transpiration, and salt stress also destroyed the photosynthetic system of the plant, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and PSII photochemical efficiency were significantly decreased. Exogenous silicon significantly improved the root morphology and activity of C. pepo seedlings under salt stress by promoting the genes PIP1;2, PIP1;3, PIP1;5, PIP1;7, PIP2;1, PIP2;4, PIP2;6, PIP2;8. The expression of PIP2;9 and PIP2;12 improved the water status in plant, which showed that leaf water content and leaf water potential were increased, and transpiration was enhanced, the exogenous silicon also increased the stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, PSII maximum photochemical efficiency, PSII actual photochemical efficiency and photochemical quenching coefficient, the photosynthesis of seedlings under salt stress was enhanced by decreasing intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and non-photochemical quenching coefficient. [Conclusion] The addition of 0.3 mmol/L silicon could improve the water metabolism and photosynthesis of C. pepo seedlings under salt stress, and thus enhance the ability of C. pepo seedlings to resist salt stress.
    Effects of Streptomyces pactum Act12 broth on n growth and physiological characteristics of alfalfa seedlings under petroleum stress
    MA Fang, CAO Yuanyuan, BAI Miaoyan, YAN Yan, MAO Renjun, DU Hongtao
    Available online:April 25, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (5) [HTML] (0) [PDF 497.57 K] (12)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Streptomyces pactum Act12 broth on growth and physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa seedlings under petroleum stress.【Methods】 The effects of different concentrations (0, 1%, 10%, and 100%) of Act12 broth under a petroleum stress level of 3% (W/W) were examined on various parameters including seedling growth, root morphology, photosynthetic characteristics, osmoregulatory substance content, and antioxidant capacity in Medicago sativa. 【Results】 The results demonstrated that exposure to 3% petroleum stress significantly hindered photosynthesis and biomass accumulation of Medicago sativa seedlings, when compared to the control group (CK). Moreover, it resulted in an elevation in malondialdehyde levels, a decrease in soluble sugar and soluble protein content, as well as alterations in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). Compared to the absence of Act12 broth, solutions with low and medium concentrations (1% and 10%) effectively mitigated the toxic effects of petroleum stress, with 10% Act12 broth exhibiting the most significant effect. The seedlings treated with Act12 broth exhibited significant enhancements in plant height, above-ground dry weight, underground dry weight, stem tolerance index, root tolerance index, total root length, root surface area, root volume, and number of root tips. Additionally, the levels of MDA decreased by 42.49% and 56.45%, soluble sugar increased by 79.25% and 89.83%, while soluble protein increased by 167.63% and 256.15% in the above-ground and underground parts respectively. Moreover, SOD activity increased by 35.81% while POD activity of roots increased by 57.33%. 【Conclusion】 The fermented liquid with low/medium concentration effectively modulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulation ability of seedlings, resulting in reduced MDA content, enhanced photosynthesis ability, increased biomass, improved resistance, and alleviated the inhibition of oil stress on seedling growth.
    Metabolic Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus ( Fisch. ) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao in Response to Repeated Drought Stress
    YANG Ping, WANG Ruya, CAO shunan, CHEN Guilin, SUN Shuying
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (44) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.74 M] (34)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var.mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao is an important primitive plant of Astragali radix, and its main planting areas are arid and semi-arid areas in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Gansu and other places, and irregular intermittent rainfall causes the plant drought and rehydration cycle. Studying the characteristics of metabolites in A. membranaceus var. mongholicus during drought and rehydration is crucial to understand the drought stress mechanism in response to natural intermittent rainfall.【Methods】 In this experiment, the seedlings of annual A. membranaceus var. mongholicus were used as materials, subjected to repeated drought stress and rehydration treatment, measured soil nutrients and their root length and root diameter in potted plants, and analyzed the primary differential metabolites of A. membranaceus var. mongholicus using NMR based metabolomics technology, And conduct differential metabolite screening and metabolic pathway analysis; The content of total flavonoids, total saponins, and polysaccharides in the roots of A. membranaceus var. mongholicus under repeated drought stress treatment was determined using sodium nitrite aluminum nitrate sodium hydroxide method, vanillin acetic acid colorimetry, and phenol sulfuric acid colorimetry. 【Results】 The results showed that (1) A. membranaceus var. mongholicus showed a trend of decreasing root diameter and increasing root length and fibrous root density when facing drought stress. (2) Under drought and rehydration treatment, a total of 42 metabolites were detected in the metabolome, mainly amino acids and their derivatives, organic acids, amines, ammonia compounds, and sugars; Metabolic pathway analysis found that plants mainly affect their amino acid metabolism pathways during repeated drought stress. By increasing the content of aspartate, alanine, glutamate, proline, and arginine, and reducing the content of asparagine, tryptophan, and 4-Aminobutyrate, they enhance their drought resistance. Specifically, the increase in metabolites such as alanine, glutamate, and proline is about 1～3 times greater, Metabolites such as tryptophan and 4-aminobutyric acid decreased by about 1-2 times. (3) Under the first round of drought stress, the accumulation of total saponins in Astragalus membranaceus decreased, while after the second round of drought stress, the production of three active substances, namely saponins, total flavonoids, and polysaccharides, all showed a downward trend. 【Conclusion】 The results of this study indicate that amino acids and their derivatives are closely related to the mechanism of A. membranaceus var. mongholicus in response to water stress, and the plant itself also regulates its secondary metabolites in response to environmental changes.
    RcAGL61 Gene Affects the Number of Rose Petals by Regulating the Transition between Stamens and Petals
    QI Yucen, YANG Shumin, SU lin, YANG Yi, ZHANG Qixiang, PAN Huitang
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (23) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.70 M] (25)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] In order to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of the double petal trait in roses, we obtained an AG homologous gene RcAGL61 associated with flower development. [Method] qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression patterns of RcAGL61 in the flower buds of double-petaled strain and single-petaled strain in Rosa chinensis 'Zhaiye Tengben Yuejihua' × R. chinensis 'Old Blush' population, and RcAGL61 was cloned from double-petaled lines and single-petal lines, and bioinformatics analysis, subcellular localization and VIGS experiments were carried out. [Result] The results showed that:(1) The expression level of RcAGL61 was significantly higher in the five developmental stages of flower of single-petaled strain than that of double-petaled strain, and the expression level was significantly higher in S4-S5 stages than in S1-S3 stages in single-petaled strain. (2) The coding sequence of RcAGL61 was consistent in double-petaled strain and single-petaled strain, with a length of 495 bp and a similarity to the RcAG coding sequence of 30.75%, encoding 164 amino acids, containing a MADS-Box conserved domain, belonging to the MADS-Box gene family. (3) RcAGL61 protein was subcellularly localized in the nucleus. (4) When the gene was silenced by VIGS technique in R. chinensis 'Old Blush', the number of petalized stamens increased and the number of petals increased, while the number of stamens decreased. The number of sepals and pistil had no significant change. [Conclusion] RcAGL61 is involved in regulating the transition between stamen and petal primordium, and affecting the number of petal in roses.
    Total flavonoids and saccharides content of Taraxacum mongolicum in Shergyla mountain at different altitudes and slope directions
    JIANG Yi, SHI Minjing, DAI Mingyun, GE Lixin, ZHANG Shixin, ZHANG Hua
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (4) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.56 M] (16)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] Dandelion（Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.） is an important medicinal and edible herb distributed commonly in Xizang. To study the contents of total flavonoids, polysaccharides and other sugars, the main pharmacologically active ingredients in different dandelion species and analyze the effect of altitude and slope direction to the content will provide important guidance for the efficient exploitation and utilization of Tibetan dandelions resources. [Methods] Taking the whole herb of 6 species of dandelion, T. eriopodum (D. Don) DC., T. calanthodium Dahlst., T. sikkimense Hand.-Mazz., T. maurocarpum Dahlst. T. grypodon Dahlst., and T. stenoceras Dahlst. grew at different altitudes and slope directions in Tibet's Shergyla mountain as the research materials, contents of total flavonoids and several sugars were measured and analyzed, respectively. [Results] (1) The total flavonoid content of T. eriopodum west slope-3 900 m (80.9 mg/g) was higher than that of the others, and the total flavonoid content of T. sikkimense east slope-2 300 m (29.08 mg/g) was significantly lower than that of the other samples（P<0.05）. (2) The total sugar content of T. grypodon east slope-2000 m reached as high as 440.55 mg/g with significantly different from that of the other samples，but T. sikkimense west slope-4200 m was the lowest to 63 mg/g, which was significantly lower than that of the other samples. (3) The highest content of reducing sugar was 61.1 mg/g and the lowest was 35.98 mg/g in all samples, but the difference between different species and different altitudes was not as obvious as total sugar. (4) The contents of polysaccharide in T. grypodon east slope-2 000 m and T. sikkimense west slope-3 000 m were high to above 320 mg/g, while the contents of T. sikkimense west slope-4 200 m as well as 3 900 m and T. eriopodum west slope-3 900 m were below 70 mg/g and significantly lower than that of the other samples. [Conclusion] The total flavonoids and polysaccharides in Tibetan dandelion were high, and had obvious difference among different dandelion species and further showed opposite change trend affected by altitude and slope direction, while the contents of polysaccharides and total sugars showed a similar pattern of change .West slope direction and the higher altitude were benefit to the accumulation of flavonoid usually, while the east slope direction and the lower altitude were benefit to the accumulation of polysaccharide.
    Application of Desmodesmus sp. extract as biostimulant improved physiological adaptation to salt-alkaline stress in wheat
    TAN Meijuan, WANG Jie, WANG Qinghua, WANG Jiashu, YU Chenke, LIU Qi
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (4) [HTML] (0) [PDF 710.35 K] (27)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] Salt stress is the most important environmental factor affecting wheat germination, growth and production. In order to find out the alleviation effect of biological stimulator of Desmodesmus sp. on salt resistance, growth and physiology of wheat seeds and early seedlings under salt stress, and screening the best applcation concentration can provide a theoretical basis for their application to alleviate the impact of wheat salt stress. [Methods] Through the indoor petri dish cuiture method, wheat seeds grown under 100 mmol/L NaCl salinity stress were treated with 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L of Desmodesmus sp. extracts (DAE), and germination and growth parameters were measured after 7 days. [Results] The exogenous addition of DAE treatment alleviated the inhibitory effect of salt stress on wheat seed germination and early seedling growth. It increased the germination rate and leaf water content of wheat seeds under salt stress, promoted the accumulation of biomass, enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, as well as the contents of proline, total soluble sugars, soluble proteins, and chlorophyll, but lowered lipid peroxidation, reduced the content of malondialdehyde and membrane permeability. Under 100 mmol/L NaCl stress conditions, the concentration of 25 mg/L DAE had the best mitigating effect on wheat seed germination and early seedling growth inhibition under salt stress. [Conclusion] By promoting the early germination of wheat seeds, The Desmodesmus sp. cell extracts can improved the chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and osmotic adjustment ability of wheat seedlings, improving the adaptability of wheat seeds and early seedlings to salt stress, and enhancing the salt tolerance of force wheat.
    Micromorphology Identification of Artemisia stolonifera and Artemisia argyi Leaves
    LIU Mengqi, WEI Wenna, QIU Tiantian, LAN Jinxu, CHEN Suiqing
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (3) [HTML] (0) [PDF 10.26 M] (28)
    Abstract:
    Abstract: [Objective] Study the leaves of Artemisia stolonifera and Artemisia argyi to provide micro morphological data for their identification. [Methods] Digital camera, optical microscope, and scanning electron microscope were used to to study the characteristics of leaf veins, leaf surfaces, and powder. [Results] (1) Under strong light background, only the veins at all levels of Artemisia stolonifera leaves can be clearly observed. (2) Glandular trichomes are only distributed on the lower surface of the leaves of Artemisia argyi, and there are a large number of glandular trichomes on both the upper and lower surfaces of Artemisia argyi leaves. (3) Similar to Artemisia argyi leaves, the lower surface of Artemisia stolonifera leaves is also densely covered with T-shaped non-glandular trichomes, and there are two types of apical cells: one is a long spindle-shaped and curved apical cell, with a average length about 1450 μm (Type I); the other type of apical cell is long and thin, flat and twisted, with an average length of approximately 2800 μm (Type II), exceeding 1700 μm of Artemisia argyi leaves. (4) There are fewer calcium oxalate cluster crystal in the mesophyll tissue of Artemisia stolonifera leaves, with a maximum of only 10 μm. [Conclusion] Research found that the micromorphological characteristics of the leaf veins and the presence or absence of glandular trichomes on the upper surface of the leaves of Artemisia stolonifera and Artemisia argyi can be used for rapid identification of the two leaves.
    Pterocymbium R. Br (Sterculioideae, Malvaceae), a Genus New to China and Suggestions for Conservation
    ZHAO Mingxu, TAN Yunhong, YANG Zicheng, 李金华, YAN Wende, CHEN Fei
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (2) [HTML] (0) [PDF 10.29 M] (39)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] Pterocymbium macranthum Kosterm., a tropical deciduous giant tree, has recently been spotted in the border regions of China and Laos, the genus Pterocymbium R. Br. and species are new to China. The remarkable discovery is reported and suggestions for conservation are provided in the present study. Historically, the tree is only recorded in Southcentral Myanmar to Northern and Southwestern Thailand, the new record in China extends the known geographical range of P. macranthum to the northern edge of the Asian tropics and contributes to the knowledge of the tree flora both in China and Southeast Asia. [Methods] Morphological and anatomical observations of female specimens were conducted using a stereomicroscope, key taxonomic characteristics were recorded with a digital camera, and then descriptions of the genus were amended. Aided by drones, its domestic population size had been rapidly assessed, and its IUCN species threatened category was evaluated by interviewing the usage and timber trade of locals, together with our field experiences of Southeast Asia. [Results] Around 1 000 individuals were recognized in an area ca. 2 000 hm2, and it was evaluated as an IUCN vulnerable (VU) species. [Conclusion] The genus Pterocymbium R. Br. and its intragenus P. macranthum Kosterm. are both new to China.
    Research Progress on Genetic Regulation of Main Aroma Substances in Grape
    Zhang Yingying, ZHENG Tianyi, WANG Huiling, SUN Lei, FANG Yulin, ZHANG Kekun
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (2) [HTML] (0) [PDF 553.83 K] (13)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] Grape is an important cash crop in China, and aroma is an important component of grape fruit quality. Grape aroma is complex and composed of a variety of compounds, including terpenes, volatile aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, pyrazines and sulfur-containing compounds. At the same time, it is affected by multiple factors. Genetics is the main factor affecting its aroma distribution. Therefore, the analysis of grape aroma genetic model is the basis of achieving breeding goals. [Reviews] Based on the review of grape aroma measurement methods, this paper summarized and analyzed the genetic rules of grape aroma traits and QTL mapping of grape aroma traits. [Prospect]This paper in order to lay a theoretical support for the analysis of grape aroma genetic rules in the future and provide a reference for grape aroma traits directional breeding.
    Livingstonia palatkaensis Prasad & Nienow, a Newly-recorded Diatom Species from China
    YANG Zhengxin, YU Pan, WANG Quanxi, YOU Qingmin
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (5) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.35 M] (18)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] The study aimed to investigate the current status of algal diversity in the Yangtze River Basin, systematic sampling work was carried out in the region. [Methods] Diatom samples were subjected to light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. [Results] One new Chinese record species (Livingstonia palatkaensis Prasad & Nienow) was found in diatom samples from Jin 'e Mountain in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, this genus is also the first to be discovered in China. [Conclusion] The discovery of this new record species provides new information on the geographical distribution of this genus and enriches the biodiversity of diatoms in China.
    The cloning and expression analysis of FtWRKY28 gene of Fagopyrum tataricum treated by low phosphorus and hormones
    WEN Biyao, PENG Xixu, TIAN Jianhong, WU Qingtao, WANG Haihua, TANG Xinke
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (87) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.52 M] (0)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 WRKY transcription factors are involved in regulation of low phosphorus stress in plants. Based on previous transcriptome data of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) under low phosphorus stress, the aim of this study is to isolate FtWRKY28 gene, to predict the structure of the gene and its deduced protein, to analyze the subcellular localization and transcription activating activity of the protein, and to investigate the gene expression patterns in different organs and under low phosphorus stress and hormone application, thus providing a basis for the function identification of the gene. 【Methods】 Specific primer sequences were designed according to the annotated Tartary buckwheat genome database. Reverse transcription PCR was used to amplify the entire coding sequence (CDS) of FtWRKY28 from the root RNA pools generated from Tartary buckwheat stressed by low phosphorus. Bioinformatical tools were employed to analyze the structures of the gene and protein and the phylogenetic relationships of homologous proteins. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to investigate the gene expression patterns. Transient expression system of Arabidopsis proplasts was used to analyze the subcellular localization of the protein. Yeast one-hybrid was employed to analyze the transcription activating activity of the protein. 【Results】 The obtained CDS of FtWRKY28 was 876 bp in length, encoding a polypeptide of 291 amino acid residues consisting of one conserved WRKY domain with a zinc finger motif of C2H2, thus belonging to the WRKY group II. FtWRKY28 was localized in nucleus, and had transcription-activating activity. The transcript abundance of FtWRKY28 was relatively higher in roots, and was significantly induced by low phosphorus and hormones such as indole acetic acid, gibberellin 3, and 6-benzylamino purine in roots. 【Conclusion】 Taken together, FtWRKY28 possesses basic structural and biochemical characteristics as a putative transcription factor, and may be involved in low phosphorus response possibly by crosstalk of auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin signaling networks.
    Effect of Temperature on Water Conductance of Internode and Single-Node Stem Segment of Vitis vinifera L.× V. labrusca L.
    WANG Ruiqing, ZHOU Jinhao, CHENG Yuandong, ZHANG Li
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (4) [HTML] (0) [PDF 485.19 K] (14)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 The purpose of present study is to clarify the quantitative relationship between the hydraulic conductance of vine stem segments and temperature, and to explore the influence of nods on water transport efficiency and safety. 【Methods】 The water conductivity (K), sapwood specific conductivity (Ks) and percent loss of conductivity (PLC) of internode and single-node stem segments of Vitis vinifera L.× V. labrusca L. were measured by low pressure flow meter method with the temperature range of 0.5-40 ℃, and the differences of water conductivity between the two segments were analyzed. 【Results】 The K and Ks of Vitis vinifera L.× V. labrusca L. stem segment had significant linear relationship with temperature. As temperature raised from 0.5 ℃ to 40℃, the initial conductivity, maximum conductivity, initial Ks and maximum Ks of internode stem increased 154%, 198%, 157% and 200%, respectively. The K and Ks values in internode stem segment were higher than those in single-node stem segment, and the difference increased with the increase of temperature. The PLC of internode stem segment was significantly greater than that of single-node stem segment, while the water conductivity and specific conductivity of single-node stem segment were less affected by temperature than that of internode stem segment. The linear regression equation can be used to predict the K and Ks values at different temperatures. As the K and Ks being tradeoff against the viscosity coefficient of the water at each temperature, it showed no significant difference among the tradeoff water conductivity (K′) and sapwood specific conductivity (Ks′) at different temperatures. 【Conclusion】 The K and Ks of V. vinifera L.× V. labrusca L. stem increased with the rise of temperature, and the node can tradeoff the efficiency and safety of the stem water transport.
    Relationship between leaf pigment content and leaf color parameters in tea tree germplasm
    NING Qiuyan, FENG Yaqi, HE Weizhong, JI Qingyong, SHU Zaifa, ZHENG Shenghong
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (2) [HTML] (0) [PDF 4.04 M] (32)
    Abstract:
    In order to explore the relationship between leaf pigment content and leaf color parameters of tea germplasm resources, 143 tea germplasms with yellow,albino and purple variation in leaf color were selected, and the differences of the values of L*,a* and b* of leaf color parameters and the pigment contents of total anthocyanin, chlorophyll, carotenoid in various qualitative leaves were compared and analyzed.The relationship between leaf pigment content and leaf color parameters were explored through principal component analysis,cluster analysis,correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis, and path analysis to provide the basis for leaf color mechanism of tea germplasms and variety breeding.The results showed that：(1) The content of anthocyanin and a* value in purple tea germplasms were higher, and thecolor of leaves showed purple red.The ratio of carotenoid content to chlorophyll content and b* value in yellow germplasms were higher, and the color of leaves were yellow. The L*value of albino germplasms was higher and the color of leaves were white.In terms of leaf color phenotypic traits, leaf color specific tea germplasms generally clustered into two groups, white and yellow in one group and purple in the other group. (2) The leaf color parameter a* value of leaf color specific tea tree germplasms in tea leaves exhibited a significantly positive correlation with anthocyanin content, while L* value as well as b* value had extremely significant negative correlation with anthocyanin and chlorophyll content, and there were a very significantly strong negative correlation between b* value and carotenoid content.Anthocyanin and chlorophyll contributed more directly to the leaf CIEL*ɑ*b* value.In conclusion,ɑ* value can be used as a representative parameter to describe the leaf purple-red traits of leaf color specific tea tree germplasms and b* value to describe the leaf yellow traits of leaf color specific tea tree germplasms.
    Difference Analysis of Potato Root Metabolome under NaHCO3 Stress
    LU Chunxing, WANG Xiaojiao, CAO Chunmei, XU Fei, ZHANG Sheng
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (3) [HTML] (0) [PDF 5.54 M] (30)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] The study aims to analyze the metabolomic differences of potato roots to NaHCO3 stress, reveal the metabolic molecular mechanism of different potato varieties in response to NaHCO3 stress, and provide theoretical basis for optimizing potato breeding, cultivation techniques and production applications. [Methods] The root system of potato ‘V7’ and ‘KANG Nibeike’ seedlings was selected as the research object, and NaHCO3 solution was used to simulate alkali stress with different concentration gradients (CK, 10 mmol/L, 20 mmol/L, 30 mmol/L, 40 mmol/L, 50 mmol/L). The root metabolites of two potato varieties were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (LC-MS) and multidimensional statistics combined with non-targeted metabolomics detection. [Results] (1) Under NaHCO3 stress, 160 metabolites were up-regulated and 91 metabolites were down-regulated in ‘V7’ roots, 125 metabolites were up-regulated and 52 metabolites were down-regulated in ‘KANG Nibeike’ roots. (2) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 10 differential metabolic pathways were selected for each of the two varieties, among which 4 differential metabolic pathways, namely, biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, synthesis of histidine and purine-derived alkaloids, and pyrimidine metabolism, were the key metabolic pathways in response to alkali stress in potato roots. (3) Differential metabolites such as carbohydrates, amides, amines, oxy-containing organic compounds, alkaloids, phenolic acids, somatogenin, etc. are involved in the complex regulatory network of potato response to NaHCO3 stress. [Conclusion] The key metabolites and metabolic pathways of potato root in response to NaHCO3 stress were screened out. There were differences in the root metabolomics of alkaline tolerant cultivar ‘V7’ and alkali sensitive cultivar ‘KANG Nibeike’. At the same time, there were differences between the root metabolism of the same variety and CK under different stress levels. The accumulation of amino acids and their derivatives, organic acids and allantoin is an important characteristic of ‘V7’ root metabolism, which is more active and alkaline resistant than ‘KANG Nibeike’.
    中图分类号文献标志码A文章编号
    LIU Yongchang, WU Zhongxin, SUN Yunjin, CHEN Na, MA Xiaomei
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (3) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.25 M] (29)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] Auxin is one of the most important phytohormone and regulates many biological processes in plant. Small auxin up RNAs，which belong to a kind of auxin early response gene, plays an key role in plant cell elongation. However, the function of SAURs on cotton fiber development is not clear. [Methods] In this study, a new gene encoding SAUR protein was cloned from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), and named GhSAURX. Then, expression pattern, subcellular localization, phenotype identification of transgenic Arabidopsis, and expression analysis of auxin-related genes were performed to explore Its function. [Results] Phylogenetic analysis revealed that GhSAURX have close relationship with SAUR76, SAUR77 and SAUR78 in Arabidopsis, and belonged to SAUR76 subfamily. qPCR showed that the highest expression level of GhSAURX is observed in fiber of 15, 18 and 21 DPA, when fiber elongated fast. Meanwhile, GhSAURX showed much higher expression level in variety with long fiber than that in variety with short fiber. Analysis of subcellular localization indicated that GhSAURX distributed in cytoplasm and nucleus. Overexpression of GhSAURX promoted the elongation of primary root and hypocotyl under dark condition in Arabidopsis, and elevated the expression auxin related genes, such as YUCCA6, ARF7 and PIN4. [Conclusion] Our results indicated that GhSAURX functioned in the cell elongation mediated by auxin.
    Selfing Strategy in the Mixed Mating System of Tulipa sinkiangensis under Unstable Pollination Environment in Early Spring
    JIAO Fangfang, ZHAO Wei, Ayiguli Abudureyimu, ZHANG Aiqin
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (3) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.47 M] (13)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] In all the plants life-history features, mating patterns may be the most important factor affecting macroscopic evolution. Under uncertain pollination environments, bisexual flowering plants often possess potential self-pollination ability. Given the mating cost of self-pollination, how to balance the two mating patterns, and what is self-pollination strategies are two key issues in deeply understanding the evolution of mating systems. [Methods] To explore the selfing strategies of plants under unstable pollination environments in early spring, we studied the flowering habits, pollinators groups, pollen dispersal dynamics, self-pollen transfer patterns, and mating systems in a natural population of Tulipa sinkiangensis, an early spring ephemeral plant. [Results] (1) T. sinkiangensis bloomed in early or mid-April, with a single flowering period of 5-6 days. They opened during the day and closed at night. The pollen dispersal started from the outer and appears in a zippered order from bottom to top. (2)The pollinators were mainly bees and syrphids. The visiting frequencies were significantly low, with great fluctuation among years, but the fruiting rates were generally higher in natural population. (3) Based on the unstable pollination environment in early spring, a mixed mating system with outcrossing as the main form and partial self-compatibility was presented in the population. The autonomous stamens movement during the closing of flowers in the evening promoted the autonomous self-pollination, and the massive deposition of self-pollen occurred on the 4th day after flowering, accounting for 50.22% of the total autonomous self-pollen deposition amount. It was a delayed self-pollination pattern, although also promoted the occurrence of competing selfing. (4) Under limited pollination, the competing and delayed selfing promoted the pollen deposition in T. sinkiangensis. This mating strategy that combined outcrossing, competing selfing, and delayed selfing flexibly responded to the unstable pollination environment in early spring. It is an adaptation to uncertain pollination services under low temperature conditions in early spring, and also a reproductive assurance strategy for early spring ephemeral plants.
    Study on seedlings regeneration and soil seed bank of Amygdalus ledebouriana of different populations in wild fruit forest in Ta "e Basin.
    GUAN Yue, SHEN Wenjing, LU Biao, WANG Yanxing, Nurgailide Akejulidezi, ZHOU Long
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (6) [HTML] (0) [PDF 549.05 K] (33)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] The study aims to clarify the soil seed bank and seedling regeneration characteristics of Amygdalus ledebouriana in Xinjiang, and to explore the limiting factors affecting the population regeneration of Amygdalus ledebouriana. [Methods] In this study, Amygdalus ledebouriana in the Ta'e Basin of Xinjiang was taken as the research object, and the soil seed bank and seedling regeneration of Amygdalus ledebouriana in Xinjiang were studied by means of field plot investigation, soil sample collection and seedling number and grade statistics under mother plant. [Results] (1) The average density of seeds in the soil seed bank of Amygdalus ledebouriana was 96.45/m2. The complete seed density of the Tuoli population was the highest, and the density of seeds eaten by the Yumin population was the highest, and the insect-eaten seeds only appeared in the Tacheng population. (2) The seeds of Amygdalus ledebouriana were mainly distributed in the litter layer, accounting for 56.29% of the total seeds, S2(0-5 cm) soil layer accounted for 29.07%, S3(5-10 cm) soil layer accounted for 14.65 %, The horizontal diffusion distance of soil seeds is proportional to the slope of Amygdalus ledebouriana. (3) No seedlings were found in the investigated Amygdalus ledebouriana seedlings. Grade I seedlings accounted for 51.13% of the total number of seedlings. Amygdalus ledebouriana seedlings were concentrated in the range of 50 cm from the base of the mother plant. [Conclusion] The distribution characteristics of soil seed bank of Amygdalus ledebouriana were near mother plant and surface, and the characteristics of seedling regeneration were also near mother plant distribution. Under natural conditions, gnawed seeds, insect-infested seeds and niche loss were the main reasons why Amygdalus ledebouriana seedlings cannot germinate and the regeneration of seedlings was limited.
    Biological Characteristics of Flowering and Pollination in Leucospermum cordifolium
    FENG Guangqiang, LI Yefang, MENG Jing, GUAN Wenling
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (13) [HTML] (0) [PDF 6.03 M] (32)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】To gain a deeper understanding of the flowering and fruiting characteristics of Leucospermum cordifolium, explore the reasons for its low fruiting rate, and promote its seed production, hybrid breeding, flowering period regulation, and new variety cultivation.【Methods】This article uses Leucospermum cordifolium as the main material to study its flowering phenology, floral characteristics, pollen vitality, stigma acceptability, hybridization index, and pollination and fruiting characteristics.【Results】1) The flowering period of Leucospermum cordifolium is generally in late winter, early spring to summer; 2) The most suitable in vitro germination medium for measuring its pollen vitality is 30g/L sucrose+150mg/L boric acid+50mg/L calcium chloride, with a pollen vitality of 67.47%; 3) The receptivity of the stigma gradually increases from day 1 to day 7 of flowering, and is strongest from day 5 to day 7; The estimation results of hybridization index indicate that Leucospermum cordifolium is partially self compatible, cross compatible, and requires pollination; 4) Field observations have shown that its fruiting rate is relatively low in its natural state, but it can spontaneously complete pollination and there is no phenomenon of apomixis; 5) The artificial pollination experiment found that Leucospermum cordifolium had the highest seed setting rate during cross pollination, at 17.14%, while self pollination had the lowest seed setting rate, at 4.94%.【Conclusion】One of the reasons for the low natural fruiting rate of Leucospermum cordifolium is due to the different ripening of its stamens, while the callus in the pistil style and ovary, as well as the abnormal enlargement of the pollen tube tip after pollen germination, are important reasons for its low fruiting rate.
    Population Variation of Leaf Anatomical Structure of Quercus variabilis and Its Adaptation to Environmental Factors
    CHEN Kaixi, HAO Fan, YUAN Yanqi, LIU Xinrui, WANG Xue, ZHANG Shuoxin
    Available online:April 24, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (2) [HTML] (0) [PDF 833.19 K] (29)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] In order to better understand the population variation of cork oak leaf anatomical structure and its relationship with environmental factors. [Methods] The leaves of 28 naturally distributed Quercus variabilis populations in China were studied by conventional paraffin sections combined with optical microscopy. Nested analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the relationship between population variation of leaf anatomical structure and environmental factors. [Results] (1) there were significant differences in leaf anatomic traits among 28 populations, the average coefficient of variation was 7.90% ~ 14.70%, and the variation range of the same leaf anatomic traits was different among different populations. (2) There were significant differences among the 9 anatomic traits within and among populations, and the average phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 37.44%. The variation of anatomic traits mainly came from within populations. (3) Leaf thickness, epidermis thickness, palisade tissue thickness and spongy tissue thickness were significantly positively correlated with latitude, and average annual temperature and annual precipitation had significant effects on the epidermis thickness and palisade tissue thickness. [Conclusion] The results show that Q. variabilis has rich genetic, in order to adapt to low temperature and drought, the leaves of Q. variabilis showed a trend of thickening. The results can provide theoretical basis for understanding environmental adaptation strategies of Q. variabilis.
    Responses and drought resistance evaluation of 12 species of plants to drought stress and rehydration in the Northern Piedmont, Tianshan Mountains
    CHENG Ping, TANG Dong, WANG Kai, YANG Lu, ZHANG Zhigang, LI Hong
    Available online:April 07, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (14) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.30 M] (78)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】Investigating the dynamic physiological adaptability and drought resistance of 12 plant species to arid stress, this study aims to select suitable shrub and tree species for vegetation restoration in the piedmont belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains.In this study, by discussing the dynamic physiological adaptability and drought resistance of 12 shrubs and screened out the shrubs suitable for vegetation restoration in the Northern Piedmont of Tianshan Mountains. 【Methods】In this study, 12 plant species planted in the piedmont belt of the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, including Rosa acicularis, Caragana korshinskii, Xanthoceras sorbifolium, Prunus sibirica, Tamarix chinensis, Haloxylon ammodendron, Hippophae rhamnoides, Hippophae rhamnoides (‘Xinji 1#’ to ‘Xinji 5#’), were selected as the subjects. The study observed the spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture following irrigation and analyzed the impact of drought stress and rewatering treatment on plant photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, anti-stress physiological and biochemical indicators, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The drought resistance of these twelve plant species was evaluated using principal component analysis.【Results】(I) Both before and after the onset of drought stress, the surface layer (0-20 cm) of the soil at each plant's location exhibited the most rapid moisture loss. This trend diminished with depth, with the middle layer (20-40 cm) experiencing a lesser rate of loss and the bottom layer (40-60 cm) showing the slowest rate of water depletion. To cope with the drought conditions, different plant species adapted by altering their growth strategies, as evidenced by changes in their growth patterns. (II) As drought stress intensified, key photosynthetic physiological parameters in plant leaves, such as the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, potential activity of PSII, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, electron transport rate, and chlorophyll content, all declined. In contrast, physiological indicators of stress resistance, including the activity of superoxide dismutase, proline content, malondialdehyde content, and non-photochemical quenching coefficient, increased. Following rewatering, a recovery was observed in these parameters, yet they did not fully return to their initial levels. (III) The results of principal component analysis highlighted that factors like net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, electron transport efficiency, and malondialdehyde content were major contributors. Species such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Rosa acicularis, and Caragana korshinskii demonstrated significant drought resilience. Hippophae rhamnoides, H. rhamnoides ‘Xinji 5’, H. rhamnoides ‘Xinji 1’ and Prunus sibirica showed moderate levels of drought resistance, while H. rhamnoides ‘Xinji 4’, H. rhamnoides ‘Xinji 3’, Xanthoceras sorbifolium and H. rhamnoides ‘Xinji 2’ exhibited relatively lower drought tolerance.【Conclusion】Net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, electron transfer efficiency, and malondialdehyde content are crucial indicators for evaluating the adaptability of various plant species to drought stress. In the context of ecological restoration efforts in the piedmont belt of the Tianshan Mountains' northern slope in Xinjiang, prioritizing the cultivation of Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Rosa acicularis, and Caragana korshinskii is recommended.
    Effects of Combined Application of Different Organic Fertilizers on Cadmium Accumulation, Distribution and Transport in Wheat and Oat.
    GAO Guangxian, ZHAO Baoping
    Available online:April 07, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (13) [HTML] (0) [PDF 666.41 K] (64)
    Abstract:
    In order to study the characteristics of cadmium absorption of wheat and oat by reducing chemical fertilizer and applying different organic fertilizers. On the basis of 20% reduction of chemical fertilizer application, four fertilization treatments were set up to study the effects of different organic fertilizers on the accumulation, distribution and transport of cadmium in crops: manure 30000 kg/hm2 (AM), bio organic fertilizer 600 kg/hm2 (BF), manure 30000 kg/hm2 + bio organic fertilizer 600 kg/hm2 (am+bf) and normal fertilizer application (CK). The results showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer could reduce the cadmium absorption of crop organs.Compared with CK, the cadmium content in wheat grain decreased by 15.79%-36.84%, the grain enrichment coefficient decreased by 8.02%-24.55%, and the transport coefficient from root, stem, leaf and ear to grain decreased by 5.79%-56.28%; Compared with CK, the content of cadmium in oat grains decreased by 11.76%-47.06%%; The grain enrichment coefficients of BF and am+bf treatments decreased by 38.46% and 30.77% respectively; The transport coefficient from root, stem, leaf and ear to grain decreased by 16.2%-32.77%; After grain filling, the content of cadmium in oat grains increased and the content of cadmium in stems decreased. The biomass of the two crops increased by 6.78%-11.00% under the combined application of organic fertilizer; After heading, the transfer amount, transfer rate and contribution rate of cadmium from organs to grains were highest in stems. The above results showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer could reduce the content, enrichment coefficient and transport coefficient of cadmium in crop grains, improve the safety and quality of agricultural products, and the effect of reducing cadmium in oat grains was better than that of wheat. It was found that the transport of cadmium from stems to grains after heading was the main source of cadmium accumulation in grains.
    Response of leaf functional traits and C, N and P stoichiometry of Fraxinus mandshurica in heihe nature reserve of xiaolongshan to altitudes
    ZHAO Qiuling, GUO Xiaolong, ZHANG Jing, ZHANG Yanzhong
    Available online:March 28, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (0) [HTML] (0) [PDF 562.10 K] (0)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. was the main precious broad-leaved timber species in the Xiaolongshan forest area. The adaptability of the changes with the leaf traits to microhabitat was explored, providing a theoretical basis for in-depth research on the main environmental factors affecting this species.【Methods】 Taking Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. in the Heihe Nature Reserve area of Xiaolongshan was the research object. Using the gradient sampling method, 4 altitude gradients were set up. The significant difference and correlation of 14 leaf functional traits and leaf nutrient content were analyzed. 【Results】As the altitude was increased, the leaf thickness, leaf dry matter content, and chlorophyll content of Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. were gradually increased, and reached maximum at altitude of 1 741 m and 1 926 m, respectively. The specific leaf area, maximum net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and leaf C and N content gradually decreased, reaching their maximum at an altitude of 1 268 m except for leaf C content. The leaf area, stomatal conductance, and leaf C∶N showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with altitude increasing. The intercellular CO2 concentration, C∶P, and N∶P showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. With every 200m increase of altitude, the functional traits and C∶N average increase were 1.13%-30.72%. Specific leaf area, maximum net photosynthetic rate and C and N content decrease were 2.22%-15.75%, respectively. The N∶P values of leaves at various altitudes were 4.36-6.89, far below 14, and showed a highly significant positive correlation with the maximum net photosynthetic rate. The maximum net photosynthetic rate was highly significantly positively correlated with specific leaf area, C and N content, C∶P and N∶P. There was a highly significant negative correlation with leaf thickness, leaf dry matter content, and chlorophyll content. There was a highly significant negative correlation between specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content, and a highly significant positive correlation with C and N content and C∶P. 【Conclusion】 The altitude significantly affected the functional traits and leaf element content of Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. leaves. The protected area below 1700m was conducive to the leaf development and the nutrient accumulation of Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr., which was the most suitable distribution area for its growth.
    Seasonal variations in non-structural carbohydrate of differently aged Pinus armandii Plantations
    LI Zhiqi, WU Junwen, CHEN Gang, DUAN Guihe, WEN Chengjing
    Available online:March 28, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (15) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.09 M] (64)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 It is of great significance to explore the distribution of NSC and its components in different organs with seasonal changes for revealing the mechanism of carbon distribution in different age forests. 【Methods】 The contents of NSC and its components in different organs of young and middle-aged Pinus armandii were determined by periodic sampling to explore the seasonal changes of P. armandii during the year. 【Results】 The results showed that, (1) the distribution pattern of NSC and its components in different age forests was basically the same among all organs, with the starch content in roots > leaves > branches > stems. The starch content in stems was significantly lower than that in other organs, while the content of soluble sugar and NSC in leaves, roots and branches was not significantly different. The ratio of sugar to starch in stem was significantly lower than that in other organs. (2) During the whole growing season, NSC and its components were mainly affected by seasons, followed by the interaction between seasons and organs, and the influence of forest age was the least. (3) The correlation between NSC and its components in different forest organs was basically the same, except the negative correlation between young forest ratio of sugar to starch and starch, NSC and middle-aged forest ratio of sugar to starch and starch, the other indexes were positively correlated. 【Conclusion】 In summary, NSC and its component contents in various organs of P. armandii had obvious seasonal fluctuations. When the environment changes, the carbon supply and demand of different organs changed synergistically, which was conducive to the growth of P. armandii, and enhanced its resistance and adaptability to cope with extreme environment.
    Sporogenesis and Gametogenesis in Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp.
    LI Huarong, ZHOU Cai, WEI Wei, HE Fu, WANG Yehong, CHEN Faju
    Available online:March 28, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (25) [HTML] (0) [PDF 6.29 M] (66)
    Abstract:
    [Objective] In order to enrich the reproductive biology theory of Polygonatum Mill.?and provide the basis for further breeding of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp., the morphological structure characteristics, megasporogenesis and microsporogenesis, and the development process of male and female gametophytes of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. were studied. [Method] The flower buds of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. at different developmental stages were used as experimental materials. The morphological and structural characteristics of the flowers of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. were observed by microscopic observation, and the single flower pistil and stamen of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp.were observed by paraffin sectioning technique.[Results] The perianth of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. is white or yellowish green, and the perianth tube is slightly constricted near the throat. It has 6 stamens, the lower end of filaments and anthers are united, and the anther is longitudinally split. The pistil ovary is superior, each ovary consists of 3 carpels, and the style is equal to the ovary. The anther wall of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. was composed of epidermis, endothecium, middle layer and tapetum with one layer each. The mature tapetum had multiple nuclei, and the development type of tapetum was secretory. The meiotic division of microspore mother cells was continuous, there were obvious diads, tetrads were arranged symmetrically, and mature pollen grains were 2-cell type. There is a phenomenon of asynchronous microspore development between different anthers of the same flower and different pollen sacs of the same anther. Ovule in pistil ovary with double integument, thick nucellum. The tetrad formed by meiospore mother cell meiosis was linear, the three megaspore end degenerated and disappeared, and the functional megaspore end developed into 7-cell and 8-nucleus embryo sac, the embryo sac development type was polygonum. The phenomenon of double embryo sac ovule in Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. was observed. The calcium oxalate crystals were observed in the anther wall of the stamen and the ovary wall of the pistil. [Conclusion] The stamens and pistils of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. have more primitive development characteristics. Although there are abnormal phenomena in the development process, such as the asynchronous meiosis of microspore mother cells, the appearance of double embryo sacs in ovules, stamens can eventually form normal male gametophytes and the low frequency of double embryo sacs in pistils does not affect the fusion of male and female gametophytes.The microspores of Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp. were mature before the anther dehiscence, and the pollen of the previous period of anther dehiscence could be selected for cross breeding. The bundle-shaped calcium oxalate needles observed in anther wall and ovary wall cannot be used as the basis for species identification of Polygonatum kingianum.
    Genome-wide Identification and Drought Stress Expression Analysis of SnRK2 Gene Family in Saccharum spontaneum L.
    Lü Shaozhi, QIAN Zhenfeng, RAO Xibing, WU Huaying, HE Lilian, LI Fusheng
    Available online:March 27, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (15) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.91 M] (42)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) plays an important role in ABA signaling transduction and abiotic stress responses. The aims were to further elucidate the regulatory mechanism of SnRK2 gene family members under drought stress in Saccharum spontaneum. 【Methods】 This study identified SnRK2 genes in S. spontaneum based on whole genome data, and conducted bioinformatics analysis and expression analysis under drought stress on them. 【Results】 The results showed that 11 SnRK2 gene family members were identified and named as SsSnRK2.1 to SsSnRK2.11, which were unevenly distributed on 8 chromosomes. The results of physicochemical property analysis showed that the encoded amino acid residues of SsSnRK2s ranged from 227 to 580, the molecular weight ranged from 25 683.53 D to 64 695.8 D, the isoelectric point ranged from 4.62 to 8.94, and all were hydrophilic proteins. The 11 SsSnRK2s could be divided into 3 subgroups, and the conserved motif sequences within the same subgroup were quite similar, with the number of exons mainly ranging from 7 to 9. Cis-acting element analysis showed that the promoters of SsSnRK2 gene family members contained various hormone-related and abiotic stress response cis-acting elements. The analysis of transcriptome data from different tissues showed that SsSnRK2s were expressed in a tissue-specific manner. The qRT-PCR results showed that all SsSnRK2 genes were able to respond to drought stress to varying degrees. 【Conclusion】 The study suggests that the SsSnRK2 genes may play a significant role in the response process to drought stress in S. spontaneum L.
    Identification and Functional Analysis of VQ Gene Family under Abiotic Stresses in Litchi chinensis
    FAN Chao, YANG Jie, CHEN Rong, LIU Wei, XIANG Xu
    Available online:March 27, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (4) [HTML] (0) [PDF 4.44 M] (83)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 VQ protein is a kind of plant-specific protein with the conserved VQ motifs (FxxhVQxhTG), which plays an important role in plant growth and development as well as in response to abiotic stresses. To date, the roles of the lychee (Litchi chinensis) VQ gene family has not been systematically studied. We systematically identified the LcVQ gene family members, a sequence characteristic, expression patterns in different tissues of lychee and their responses to abiotic stresses. 【Methods】 The gene sequences of LcVQ genes were obtained from L. chinensis genome using bioinformatics methods, and their physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, gene structure, and conserved motifs were analyzed; a phylogenetic tree were constructed using MEGA 6.0 to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of the VQ proteins in lychee, Arabidopsis and rice; the responses to various abiotic stresses were verified by the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). 【Results】 A total of 18 LcVQ genes were identified from the L. chinensis genome, named as LcVQ1-LcVQ18, which were clustered into 9 subgroups. They were widely distributed on 11 of 15 chromosomes of lychee. The amino acid number of LcVQ proteins ranged from 111 aa to 427 aa, and their protein molecular weights from 12.48 kD to 45.49 kD. The predicted results of subcellular localization showed that except for LcVQ15 and LcVQ17 were localized at Cytoplasm, all other LcVQ proteins were localized at Nucleus. The prediction analysis results of cis-acting elements indicate that the LcVQ promoters contained a large number of growth and development, plant hormone and stress-responsiveness related response elements. The analysis results of transcriptome data suggested that LcVQ genes expression varied at different tissues, which can be divided into universal expression and specific expression. Under the treatment of low temperature, high temperature, drought and salt stress, we found that 4, 3, 3 and 4 LcVQ genes were significantly up-regulated at 3 hours of treatment, indicating that these genes can quickly respond to the abiotic stresses. 【Conclusion】 There are 18 VQ family members in the L. chinensis genome, with typical VQ binding domains, which can differentially participate in different stress responses, and laying a foundation for studying its stress-resistant mechanism.
    Relationship between riparian plant species diversity and soil factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River
    梁少民
    Available online:March 18, 2024, DOI:
    [Abstract] (0) [HTML] (0) [PDF 0.00 Byte] (0)
    Abstract:
    【Objective】 The relationship between species diversity and soil factors in riparian zone is very important to maintain the stability of riparian ecosystem. The purpose of the study was to reveal the relationship between species diversity and soil factors in riparian zone in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, provide some reference and theoretical guidance for the ecological restoration, protection and high-quality development of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.【Methods】 The study studied the relationship between plant distribution, species diversity and soil factors in the transition zone of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in Henan Province by means of quadrat survey, experimental analysis and CCA ranking. 【Result】 The results showed that: (1)Soil water content, organic matter, available potassium and available phosphorus in the transition zone of the middle and lower reached of the Yellow River all belong to moderate variability, and the coefficient of variation of total nitrogen was strong variability, and the spatial distribution of soil nutrients was generally moderately uneven. (2) There was a significant negative correlation between the dominance index of riparian plants and soil total nitrogen (P < 0.05). Soil pH, available potassium and available phosphorus had no obvious effects on species richness index. The evenness index, Shannon-Wiener index and six soil factors did not reach a significant level. (3)The distribution of Polygonum polygonatum, Cyperus capitatum, Echinochloa crusgalli, Echinochloa cristatum and Eclipta prostrata communities was greatly affected by water content. The distribution of Artemisia annua, Ziziphus jujuba, and Populus tomentosa was mainly affected by total nitrogen, and was more distributed in areas with high total nitrogen content. Humulus scandens and Amaranthus retroflexus were greatly affected by available potassium. However, Cynodon dactylon, Xanthium strumarium,Phragmites australis, Setaria viridis, Polygonum persicaria, Vigna radiata and other communities were less affected by soil factors.
    Select AllDeselectExport
    Display Method:
    Cloning and Analysis of Flowering Gene LFY from Early-maturing Rape (Brassica napus L.)
    AI Yu-fang1, CHEN Guan-shui1, ZHOU Yi-fei2, ZHANG Mei1, 3, PAN Da-ren1*
    2012,32(10):1965-1970, DOI:
    [Abstract] (5103) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.06 M] (36428)
    Abstract:
    RG-8M,early-maturing mutant of late-maturing rape RG-8,was used in the present study.A LEAFY（LFY） homologue gene named BnLFY was cloned from RG-8M with the method of homologous cloning.The full length of BnLFY cDNA was 1 310 bp and contained a complete open reading frame of 1 248 bp,which encoded 415 amino acids residues.As other dicotyledon LFY-like proteins,the deduced amino acid sequence of BnLFY gene had several special regions such as N terminal proline rich region,the central acidic domain,the leucine zipper structure and the lysine and arginine-rich basic region.The result of sequencing indicated that the BnLFY protein shared more than 84% amino acid sequence identity with LFY-like proteins of several cruciferous plants.Transcriptional analysis showed the BnLFY gene expressed constitutively in rape.
    Morphology and Histochemistry of the Glandular Trichomes of Isodon rubescens (Hemsley) H. Hara [Lamiaceae]
    刘孟奇
    2011,31(11):45-50, DOI:
    [Abstract] (7324) [HTML] (0) [PDF 0.00 Byte] (18025)
    Abstract:
    The morphology and distribution of leaf trichomes of Isodon rubescens were studied using light microscopy. Three morphologically distinct types of trichomes were observed on I. rubescens leaf surfaces: non-glandular, peltate and capitate glandular. The glandular and non-glandular trichomes were present on both the adaxial and abaxial surfaces. Peltate and capitate glandular trichomes comprised one basal cell, one or two stalk cells and one head. The head of mature peltate glandular trichomes generally consisted of four secretory cells while that of capitate glandular hairs was composed of two cells. Histochemical results indicate existence of flavnoids in both peltate and capitate glandular trichomes. In addition, terpenoids, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes etc., exist in peltate glandular trichomes. Peltate glandular trichomes are probably only site of oridonin accumulation, however, this need direct proof to clarify. High density of peltate trichomes might be considered as an important selection character for the screening of I. rubescens with rich content of oridonin．
    Preliminary Study on the Phylogenetic Relationship of Rosa rugosa ‘Hetian shamomeigui’
    SUN Meile1, ZHANG Jun1, LI Yan2, LIN Guocang1*
    2021,41(2):222-233, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2021.02.0222
    [Abstract] (1608) [HTML] (0) [PDF 14.05 M] (15356)
    Abstract:
    In this study, we studied the relationship between Hetian rose variety (Rosa rugosa ‘Hetian shamomeigui’) and Zizhi rose (R. rugosa ‘Zizhi’), Fenghua rose (R. rugosa ‘Fenghua’) and Damask rose (R. damascena) with molecular data, investigated the phylogenetic relationship of the Hetian rose within genus Rosa, and discussed its hybridization origin. Results showed that: (1) the Hetian rose had unique genetic source. The genetic distance within the Hetian rose (0.017±0.003) was smaller than the distance between varieties (0.029±0.005, 0.024±0.004, and 0.022±0.003, respectively). (2) The phylogenetic tree showed that GAPDH gene clones of the Hetian rose did not mix with the gene clones from other varieties. These indicated that the Hetian rose was genetically diverged from the other three roses, and should be regarded as an unique rose variety. (3) A part of GAPDH clones of the Hetian rose were clustered with four species (R. bracteata, R. laevigata, R. cymosa, and R. banksiae) in Rosa sect. Bracteatae, sect Laevigatae, and sect. Banksiae from China or Southeast Asia, located at basal position of the phylogenetic tree, while other GAPDH clones were clustered with other four European species (R. elliptica, R. sempervirens, R. trachyphylla, and R. abyssinica) in sects. Caninae, Synstylae, and Gallicanae. A total of 19 GAPDH heterozygous loci were detected between the Hetian rose and the above mentioned closely related species, indicating a hybrid origin of Hetian rose. (4) A close relationship between the Hetian rose and 14 European species from sect. Caninae, sect. Synstylae, and Gallicanae was revealed by cpDNA phylogeny and sequence variation analysis. In conclusion, it was proposed that the Hetian rose had a hybrid origin by Chinese and European rose species or varieties. The hybrid parents may be the one or more species in sects. Bracteatae, Laevigatae, Banksiae, Caninae, Synstylae, and Gallicanae. This study provides a foundation for further research on the probable parental species of the Hetian rose.
    Biosynthesis Metabolic Pathway and Molecular Regulation of Plants Anthocyanin
    JIA Zhaodong1, 2, MA Peiyong1, BIAN Xiaofeng1, YANG Qing2, GUO Xiaoding1, XIE Yizhi1*
    2014,34(7):1496-1506, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2014.07.1496
    [Abstract] (5318) [HTML] (0) [PDF 656.79 K] (13566)
    Abstract:
    Plant anthocyanin is a kind of natural edible pigment,has many advantages:safety,no pollution,outstanding stability;it showed noticeable antioxidant ability,which can prevent cancer and protect the function of the liver,prevention and protection of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and other important nutritional and pharmacological function.Therefore,anthocyanin has important research value and potential applications in food,medicine and health care,horticulture and crop improvement.Here we review recent progresses in biological functions and mechanisms of structural genes and regulator genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis and metabolic pathway,including the anthocyanin biosynthetic,metabolic and accumulative process in plant.Prospective of application prospect and development tendency accumulative processon the anthocyanins genes are elucidated in the end.
    Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of CjMYB1 in Camellia japonica
    HUANG Hu1, 2, MA Xianjin1, 2, LI Sijia1, LI Xinlei1, LI Jiyuan1, YIN Hengfu1*
    2022,42(3):381-389, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2022.03.0381
    [Abstract] (1136) [HTML] (0) [PDF 11.92 M] (12777)
    Abstract:
    In this study, based on sequence alignment analysis, we cloned the full-length CjMYB1 gene from wild Camellia japonica and performed gene expression analyses in Camellia varieties with different floral colors, which provided a fundamental basis for understanding the function of CjMYB1 underlying the floral color formation during flower development. The results showed that: (1) CjMYB1 gene (GenBank accession: OL347930) was successfully cloned. Its open reading frame length was 879 bp, encoding a 292 amino acids protein with relative molecular weight of 33.17 kD. CjMYB1 is found to be a R2R3-MYB transcription factor and is homologous to the subgroup 7 of Arabidopsis thaliana MYB gene family. (2) Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that CjMYB1 gene had the highest expression level in the floral buds of wild C. japonica, and had a relatively high expression level in sepals, petals, stamens and carpels, suggesting that CjMYB1 plays an important role of regulating the floral development. The expression level of CjMYB1 gene was higher in red Camellia varieties, but lower in pink, light yellow and white Camellia varieties, suggesting that CjMYB1 gene may play a key role in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. (3) Subcellular localization experiments showed that CjMYB1 protein was located in the nucleus.
    Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Functions and Deleterious Effects in Plants
    ZHANG Mengru, YANG Yumei, CHENG Yunxiu, ZHOU Tao, DUAN Xiaoyan, GONG Ming, ZOU Zhurong*
    2014,34(9):1916-1926, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2014.09.1916
    [Abstract] (5063) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.92 M] (7828)
    Abstract:
    Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of free radicals,reactive molecules and ions that are derived from O2.It is estimated that about 1% of plants-consumed O2 is converted to ROS in various subcellular compartments such as chloroplast,mitochondria,and peroxisome.ROS are well recognized for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial factors,depending on their concentration in plants.At low concentration ROS acts as second messenger in signaling cascades that mediate several responses in plant cells,whereas at high concentration it triggers oxidative damages to biomolecules and even cell death.Equilibrium between ROS production and scavenging is crucial for plants,and monitored by an efficient antioxidative system consisting of both nonenzymic and enzymic antioxidants.This review thoroughly introduced the current proceedings of studies on plant ROS mainly in terms of their types,production sites,roles in signaling and major damages to plant cells,aiming to provide an insight for improving plant resistance to environmental stress through genetic engineering.
    Genome wide Identification and Expression Analysis of GRF Gene Family in Camellia sinensis
    WANG Pengjie, ZHENG Yucheng, LIN Yi, ZHOU Zhen, YNAG Jiangfan, YE Naixing*
    2019,39(3):413-421, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2019.03.0413
    [Abstract] (2488) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.83 M] (7632)
    Abstract:
    Growth regulating factor (GRF) is a plant specific transcription factor family that plays an important regulatory role in plant growth and development. In this study, 11 CsGRF transcription factors were identified in tea plant genome with complete characteristic domains QLQ and WRC. The CsGRF family members contained 3 to 6 exons and were divided into 6 groups based on phylogenetic relationships, which are closer to the grape and kiwi. The transcriptome data analysis of different tissues indicated that the GRF family was highly expressed in the tender shoots. Upstream promoter region analysis revealed a large number of cis acting elements closely related to plant development, hormone and stress response. Fluorescence quantitative detection showed that 10 and 2 CsGRF members were up regulated under low temperature and drought stress, respectively, and CsGRF8 and CsGRF11 responded to both abiotic stresses. Furthermore, the expression levels of 9, 3 and 6 CsGRF genes were significantly different by ABA, MeJA and GA hormone treatments, respectively. This work indicates that the CsGRF family genes are involved in the growth and development and stress response in tea plants, speculating that CsGRF genes may play a role in the stress response relying on the hormone signal transduction pathways.
    Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of Shrub Patch of Artemisia ordosica in the Cross Areas of Wind water Erosion
    HAO Hongmin, LU Rong, JIA Chao, LIU Yu, WU Gaolin*
    2017,37(4):773-781, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2017.04.0773
    [Abstract] (2760) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.26 M] (7444)
    Abstract:
    Artemisia ordosica is the pioneer plant in the cross areas of wind water erosion in Loess Plateau in China, which plays an important role in the stability of the ecosystems in the regions. We chose the shrub patches as the research objects. Based on the plot investigations in the cross areas of wind water erosion, the static life table was established, survival curves and the function curves derived from the survival analysis were also constructed to evaluate the A. ordosica shrub patch population characteristics. The A. ordosica population dynamics were predicted by a time sequence model. The results showed that: (1) the age structure of the A. ordosica shrub patch was a pyramid, but there were fewer individuals in classes I and Ⅱ than in class Ⅲ; (2) The number dynamics index (V′pi) was close to zero, so the A. ordosica shrub patches were sensitive to environment disturbances; (3) The survival curve of the A. ordosica shrub patch appeared to approach the Deevey Ⅱ type, which indicated that the mortality rate in different size classes was similar; (4) The survival analysis and the time sequence model demonstrated that the lack of young individuals could be the major cause for the decrease of middle size class shrub patches. Therefore, the research suggested that the A. ordosica shrub patch, in Loess Plateau in China, could grow, renew, and adapt well in the cross areas of wind water erosion climate environment, and the population was in stable increasing the situation, which created the water and nutrient condition for the settle and recover of other plants.
    Anatomical Structure and Pigment Content of Davidia involucrata Leaves and Bracts with Different Colors
    LIANG Ling1, HUANG Yuqiong2, CHEN Xiaohong1, 3*
    2020,40(9):1539-1548, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2020.09.1539
    [Abstract] (1562) [HTML] (0) [PDF 9.34 M] (6643)
    Abstract:
    To explore the law of leaf color change of Davidia involucrata, we selected pink D. involucrata (pink bracts and leaves) and common D. involucrata (green leaves and white bracts) to compare the anatomical structure and pigment content. The results showed that: (1) two colors of D. involucrata leaves were bifacial leaf, containing a palisade tissue with onelayer neatly arranged long columnar cells and a loosely arranged sponge tissue. The upper epidermal cells of some pink leaves bulged outward, and the total thickness, cuticle, palisade tissue and sponge tissue of the pink were thicker than those of green ones, while the epidermis was thinner. (2) There was no differentiation between palisade tissue and sponge tissue in two D. involucrata bracts. The upper epidermal cells of the pink bracts bulged significantly with the thickening of the cuticle, while the lower epidermis became thinner. (3) The contents of flavonoid and anthocyanin in pink leaves were 1.52 times and 3.67 times that of green leaves. The difference of photosynthetic pigment content between two leaves was not obvious, but the chlorophyll a/b value of pink leaves was significantly lower. The anthocyanin content of pink bracts was significantly higher than that of white bracts, while the flavonoid content of the two was not much different. In conclusion, anthocyanin directly caused D. involucrata leaves and bracts to turn pink, and flavonoid helped the leaves appear pink. The anatomical structure of pink D. involucrata leaves and bracts had changed, which had the higher light energy utilization efficiency and were more suitable for the wet environment.
    Response of Growth Dynamic and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tamarix ramosissima Seedlings to River Flooding in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River
    WANG Minghui, MA Xiaodong*, ZHANG Ruiqun, XING Xuming
    2016,36(10):2038-2046, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2016.10.2038
    [Abstract] (2402) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.06 M] (6384)
    Abstract:
    Taking Tamarix ramosissima seedlings in the natural flooding area along lower reaches of Tarim River as objects, we analyzed the growth of seedlings and variation of the population under continuous flooding disturbance, and the photosynthetic dynamic responses of seedlings under different flood intensities. Conclusions were as following: (1) the population density of T. ramosissima seedlings under continuous twice strong flooding disturbance, from March 2013 to July 2014, increased firstly, then decreased and increased lastly, but the seedlings’ crown, height and stem diameter decreased firstly, then increased and decreased. (2) The population density of the seedlings increased firstly and then decreased in monitoring area Ⅲ in which the second flooding disturbance was weaker, but its crown, height and stem diameter decreased firstly and then increased. (3) The leaf relative water content of the seedlings decreased firstly with the second flooding disturbance decreasing and then increased. At the same time, the chlorophyll content, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ in the light (ΦPSⅡ), photochemical quenching (qP) of the seedlings decreased, the non photochemical quenching (NPQ) increased, but the maximal photochemical efficiencies of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm) maintained optimum value. The research means that although the continuous twice strong flooding disturbance could make the population of T. ramosissima seedlings regenerated, it also cause death to a large number of seedlings for flooding. As a result, the population of T. ramosissima seedlings could not form a certain scale. We suggest that we can adopt the strong and weak alternately manner to conduct ecological water conveyance, which can improve the survival rate of seedlings, and make the seedlings to grow stably.
    Recent Advance on the Melatonin in Plant
    ZHAO Yan1, 2, 3, WANG Donghua1, ZHAO Xiyang2
    2014,34(1):196-205, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2014.01.0196
    [Abstract] (4890) [HTML] (0) [PDF 841.68 K] (5884)
    Abstract:
    Melatonin was firstly found in plants in 1990s.In recent years,the related research on it attracted the attention of many scholars.There were many studies focusing on the content detection method of melatonin in plant,and the physiological function of melatonin in plant was also reported recently.Various methods of melatonin determination were employed for plant samples.The analysis methods included RIA,HPLC,GC,HPLC-MS and GC-MS.Among several methods,HPLC-FD and HPLC-ECD were commonly used to quantify melatonin in plants.The content of melatonin varied in different plant species and organs.Higher content of melatonin was found in seeds and flowers.Nowadays,melatonin was shown to act as a plant growth regulator that directs the differentiation of plant cells,tissues,and organs.It also appears to protect plants against environmental stress from heavy metals,UV radiation,and temperature change.However,the mechanism of its function in plants and the exact synthetic site need to be further investigated.The present paper reviewed some aspects of melatonin in plant:detection,biological synthesis and physiological functions.The potential subjects of melatonin in plant were also proposed.
    Effect of Ozone Treatment with and without Sodium Alginate Coatings on Preservation and Resistance Index of Grape Fruits
    QI Xin，YANG Chenxi， XU Leyi ，GUO Yuhuan， HE Ling*
    2016,36(12):2477-2483, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2016.12.2477
    [Abstract] (2514) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.32 M] (5287)
    Abstract:
    Using postharvest “Red global” grapes as the material, we investigated the effect of four different treatments of control，250 μL/L ozone, 0.3% coatings and the combination of 250 μL/L ozone and 0.3% coatings on the storage property of grapes, Through the determination of the soluble solids,titratable acid,respiration intensity, hardness, peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), β l，3 glucanase (GLU), chitinase(CHI), malondialdehyde(MDA), total phenol, statistical weight loss and decay. The results showed that the weight loss rate and rot rate of 250 μL/L ozone, 0.3% coatings and the combination of 250 μL/L ozone and 0.3% coatings was reduced, the activities of POD,SOD, CHI,GLU was promoted, MDA content was decreased and the drop of the total phenol was delayed compared with control group. In conclusion, the combination of 250 μL/L ozone and 0.3% sodium alginate coatings had the best result.
    Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics of Plants, Litter and Soils of Urban Green Plants
    WANG Yajun1，YU Shanshan2*
    2017,37(1):171-180, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2017.01.0171
    [Abstract] (2563) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.07 M] (5254)
    Abstract:
    This paper discusses the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of plants, litter and soils of urban green plants. The results were as follows: (1) the order of average contents of C, N and P in green plants from high to low as follows arbors>shrubs> herbs, and the contents of C, N and P in same ornamental plants of different organs was differ, which showed leaf>stem>root. (2) The nitrogen absorptivity was significantly higher than that of phosphorus absorptivity of urban green plants (P<0.01), and the nitrogen and phosphorus absorptivity showed arbors>shrubs> herbs, which the nitrogen absorptivity of arbors, shrubs and herbs had a significant difference (P<0.05) and the phosphorus absorptivity had no significant difference (P>0.05). (3) The contents of C, N and P in litter showed herbs >shrubs> arbors, which the content of P had no significant difference. The contents of C, N and P in soil showed herbs >shrubs> arbors, which the N/P had no significant difference. The contents of C, N and P in soil microbial biomass showed herbs >shrubs> arbors, which the C/N, C/P and N/P had no significant difference. (4) The contents of C, N and P of plants, litter, soils and soil microbial biomass decreased with the increasing of the temperature of the growing season and increased with the increasing of the annual precipitation, which the absolute value of regression coefficient of P was lower than that of C and N. (5) The contents of C and N in plants, litter and soils had a significant positive correlation. The contents of N and P in plants, litter and soils had a significant positive correlation. The C/N and N/P in litter had a significant negative correlation. The C/N and N/P in plants and soils had a significant positive correlation. The C/N and N/P in plants, litter and soils had a significant positive correlation. (6) Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the plant height, crown, stem diameter, specific leaf area and leaf area index had a large effect on the contents of C, N, P and C/N, C/P and N/P of plant, litter, soil and soil microbial biomass. The plant height, crown, stem diameter had a negative correlation with specific leaf area and leaf area index, and had a negative correlation with the contents of C, N, P of litter, soil and soil microbial biomass, and had a positive correlation with the contents of C, N, P of plants, while the contents of C, N, P and C/N, C/P and N/P had a positive correlation in litter, soil and soil microbial biomass. This study provides a scientific guidance for restoration of the urban green plants in China.
    Physiological and Ecological Responses in Leaves of Isoetes sinensis under Different Nutritional Conditions
    ZHUANG Fenghong1, MA Jiangming1, 2*, QIN Yanghui1, MEI Junlin1, YU Fangming3
    2017,37(4):705-712, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2017.04.0705
    [Abstract] (3400) [HTML] (0) [PDF 1.06 M] (5127)
    Abstract:
    Hydroponic culture was conducted to study the effect of different nutritional conditions on the growth of Isoetes sinensis. The paper examined the changing rule of physiological and biochemical characteristics and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics. The results showed that the chlorophyll content decreased but other physiological and biochemical indexes including soluble sugar content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline (PRO) content, catalase (CAT) activity gradually increased as N and P concentrations increased in nutrient solution. And the peroxidase (POD) activity increased at the beginning then decreased. Among the photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics, the PSⅡ maximal quantum yield (Fv/Fm), PSⅡ effective quantum yield (Yield), photochemical quenching (qP), higher potential maximum relative electron transfer rates (Pm), initial slope of rapid light curve (α) and half starved value of light intensity (Ik) gradually decreased with N and P concentrations increased, while non photochemical quenching (qN) increased. We could conclude that Isoetes sinensis had a better tolerance to the stress of the medium nutrient condition but poor tolerance to the stress under the high nutrient condition with comparatively obvious physiological injury as N and P concentrations increased. The ability of osmotic adjustment and antioxidant capacity increased, but the photosynthesis capacity decreased with the high nutrient condition, The higher nitrogen and phosphorus could inhibit the physiological activities of Isoetes sinensis, and thus affected its growth. In terms of the possibility that one of the most important factors of endangerment of Isoetes sinensis attributes to the eutrophication water.
    Effects of Manganese Soaking on Wheat Seedling Photosynthetic Characteristics and Root System, Root Vigor
    MENG Xiangping1, 2, LI Chunxia1, 2, GUO Haiyan1, 3, DING Ruixia1, 2, YANG Baoping1, 2, CAI Tie1, 2, HAN Qingfang1, 2*
    2016,36(4):745-750, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2016.04.0745
    [Abstract] (3133) [HTML] (0) [PDF 792.27 K] (5015)
    Abstract:
    In order to clarify the effects of different concentrations of manganese(Mn) soaking on photosynthesis, root system, root vigor and biomass of wheat seedling, this paper performed pot experiment at the four manganese gradients of 0 g/L ,0.03 g/L,0.06 g/L and 0.12 g/L,using wheat variety ‘Xinong 979’ as the material. The results showed that:(1)Within the range 0-0.06 g/L of Mn soaking, the photosynthetic pigment, net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs) and water use efficiency(WUEL) of leaf were enhanced and intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci) was declined with increasing Mn amount. Among them, the promotion effect of 0.06 g/L of Mn soaking was mostly obvious; when Mn application level was higher than 0.06 g/L, the trend declined in Pn, transpiration rate(Tr), Gs, Ci; (2) Total root length, surface area, root volume, root vigor were the greatest in wheat seedlings under 0.06 g/L treatment, which was showed significant differences to control; (3) The trend of up ground dry weight, root and root shoot ratios in wheat seedlings appeared as single peak curves, which was the greatest under 0.06 g/L treatment. Moreover it showed significant differences to control. In general, appropriate concentration Mn soaking could improve the function of wheat leaf photosynthetic capacity and development of root under seedling stage. However, soaking wheat seeds by higher concentration Mn, would decrease growth of wheat seedling. Therefore in a comprehensive consideration of photosynthetic characteristics,root system and biomass, we propose that the optimal manganese soaking concentration is 0.06 g/L in the local with lack of manganese.
    Advances in Molecular Phylogenetics of Ranunculaceae
    LIU Huijie, XIE Lei*
    2016,36(9):1916-1924, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2016.09.1916
    [Abstract] (3860) [HTML] (0) [PDF 901.90 K] (4957)
    Abstract:
    The family Ranunculaceae has played an important role in the evolution of angiosperms. However, agreement is lacking on the systematic relationships of many genera within Ranunculaceae. In recent twenties years, molecular phylogenetic studies discovered that previous classifications system based on morphological characteristics were quite difference with the molecular phylogeny. The vast majority of the subfamily defined by morphological traits was not supported by molecular systematic. Besides, several genera determined by morphology, such as, Cimicifuga, Souliea, Hepatica, Pulsatilla, Batrachium etc., were detected to be synonymies according to molecular analysis. At the mean time, molecular systematics studies also established genera in the family, such as, Gymnaconitum etc. Through molecular systematics study, a total of ten genera were reduced, and two genera were established in China. However, the relationships between many groups within Ranunculaceae are still in question. The phylogenetic framework of subfamily. Ranunculoideae and tribe Delphinieae still needs to further study. In the present paper, recent advances in molecular phylogenetics of Ranunculaceae are summarized and some problematical issues within the family are discussed.
    Wild Tobacco Pollen Viability,Stigma Receptivity and Reproductive Characteristics
    YAO Zhimin, LIU Yanhua, DAI Peigang*, XIANG Dehu, ZHANG Xingwei, ZHAO Taozhi, WANG Zhide
    2015,35(3):614-621, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2015.03.0614
    [Abstract] (4022) [HTML] (0) [PDF 703.12 K] (4590)
    Abstract:
    The pollen viability and the daily changes of 2 wild tobacco resources(Nicotiana alata,N.gossei) and 1 cultivar(K326) were measured by TTC method.The receptivity of stigma was measured by benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method,and the stigma receptivity changes of different flowering days were measured by pollination test.The reproductive characteristics of 3 tobacco resources were analyzed by estimating pollen ovule ratio(P/O),hybrid breeding index (OCI) and pollination test.The results showed that:(1)The pollen viability of N.gossei(74.9%) was significantly higher than that of K326(52.2%) and N.alata(45.3%),but there was no significant difference between K326 and N.alata.The daily changes of pollen viability of 3 tobacco resources showed bimodal curves,the peaks at 13:00 and 15:00,respectively.Both the lowest daily pollen viability of 3 tobacco resources and the highest daily temperature appeared at 14:00.(2)The stigma receptivity of K326 was significantly higher than that of N.alata’s and N.gossei’s,but there was no significant difference between the 2 wild resources.The optimal pollination periods of different resources were different.Stigma receptivity of N.gossei might maintain highly from before 1 day to after 4 days of flowering day.The optimal pollination period of N.alata was 2-3 days after flowering day,while the optimal pollination period of K326 was from before 1 day to after 1day of flowering day.(3)The reproductive type of K326 was self-compatible,with some outcrossing phenomena.N.alata and N.gossei were mainly outcrossing.But N.gossei was self-compatible,and the self-compatibility of N.alata was poor.The results indicated that the stigma receptivity of wild resources significantly influenced their fecundity.Low seed-set rate of N.alata was mainly due to self-incompatibility,otherwise the lack of effective pollination was the main reason causing low seed-set rate of N.gossei.
    The Research Progress of Plant Small Molecular Peptides
    LIN Huan1, WANG Junjuan1, 2, SUN Zhenting1, 2, ZHU Weidong3, YE Wuwei1, 2, YIN Zujun1, 2*
    2021,41(1):168-180, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2021.01.0168
    [Abstract] (1663) [HTML] (0) [PDF 3.99 M] (4396)
    Abstract:
    The research of plant signal peptides mainly focuses on small molecular peptides. As a key component of intercellular communication, small molecular peptides are mainly involved in signal interference, response pathways, display antimicrobial activity, and interaction with receptor kinases on the surface of cell membranes in the form of ligands, which are enable signal communication between cells. Small peptide molecules are important intercellular signal sensing molecules that are critically involved in regulating growth and development processes and stress responses in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in different organ tissues and developmental stages of plants to coordinate and integrate cellular functions. This review indicates a comprehensive overview of the discovery, structural features, classification system, and functional progress of plant small molecule peptides, and focuses on recent years at home and abroad on the CLE (clavata3/ESR) family of post translational small peptides and Ralf (rapid alkalinization factor) family of cysteine rich peptides, provides basic information for in depth studies of plant small molecule peptides and reference for future research directions.
    Ca2+ Signal Transduction and Its Regulation Role under Drought Stress in Plant
    LIU Xiaolong1, 2, LI Xia1*, QIAN Baoyun1, 2, TANG Yuting1, 2
    2014,34(9):1927-1936, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2014.09.1927
    [Abstract] (3871) [HTML] (0) [PDF 542.14 K] (4269)
    Abstract:
    As a second messenger,Ca2+ is involved in signal transduction pathways related to various responses to abiotic and biotic stress in plant.The specific calcium signal in plant cell is actived by different stress via stimulating calcium channel on the plant plasma membrane,then transformed to Ca2+ sensing proteins,such as calmodulin(CaM),Ca2+-dependent protein kinases(CDPK) and calcineurin B-like protein,etc.,which induced a series of physiological and biochemical processes of plant cell to the stress.Drought stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses in the earth.Ca2+ signal plays a pivotal role on response to drought stress,by regulating stomatal movement,water channel protein(aquaporin,AQP) and antioxidase activity to reduce water loss and drought damage,increasing water use efficiency.Furthermore,Ca2+ has some ecological functions.In this paper,we also summarize the new progress Ca2+ signal and its regulation for response to drought stress,and propose simple prospect in the future.
    Signal Pathways and Related Transcription Factors of Drought Stress in Plants
    WANG Bin1, CHEN Mindong1, LIN Liang2, YE Xinru1, ZHU Haisheng1*, WEN Qingfang1
    2020,40(10):1792-1806, DOI: 10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.2020.10.1792
    [Abstract] (1949) [HTML] (0) [PDF 2.11 M] (4195)
    Abstract:
    Plant adaptation to drought environment is a complex biological process, involving cross regulation of multiple signal pathways, in which transcription factors play an important role in regulating resistance to drought. The main transcription factors involved in plant drought stress response are AP2/EREBP, MYB, NAC, bZIP and WRKY. Studies have shown that a single transcription factor can activate or inhibit the transcription of a large number of downstream target genes, and a single target gene is regulated by different transcription factors. The crosstalk between transcription factors is common in plant drought regulation network. This paper summarized the main signal pathways (ABA pathway, Ca2+ pathway and MAPKs pathway) involved in plant response to drought stress, and reviewed the structure and classifications of the above five transcription factors and their regulation of drought stress. Some deep research directions in this area were also put forward．

    Governed by：Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China

    Sponsored by：Northwest A&F University; Botanical Society of Shaanxi Province

  • Editor-in-Chief：Professor ZHAO Zhong
  • Editorial-Director：WEI Qingxia

    • Publisher：Science Press

  • Address：Building #0, South Campus of Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
  • Post code：712100

    • Service Tel：(029)87082936

  • ISSN：1000-4025
  • CN：61-1091/Q
  • Post code：52-73

External Links

WeChat

Mobile website

® 2024 Website Copyright
Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.