To study the fiber cell morphology,structure and its correlation with yield and physical properties of wild plant in Boehmeria,the determination of economic traits and microscope observation of the cell morphology of the cross-sections and isolated fiber were conducted in process maturity approach with 13 kinds of Boehmeria plant as test material.The results showed that:(1)Fiber cell morphology in germplasm of wild ramie was consistent with the cultivation of ramie,were mostly circular,polygonal,oval,and kidney line,of various shapes and sizes;(2)Fiber cell diameter,lumen diameter and the total number of fiber cell in stem cross-section showed varying degrees of positive correlation with raw jute yield,but they were significantly less than the control cultivars,which indicated that it was difficult for the wild Boehmeria germplasm to have good improvement to increase production;(3)There were not significantly negatively correlation between segregation fiber cell length,width,wall thickness,nodule number and fiber fineness,and the cell length,width of wild Boehmeria germplasm was significantly less than the cultivars of ramie,which indicated that the Boehmeria wild material had important application value in the fine fiber gene breeding areas and improving fiber quality in cultivars of ramie.