Based on detailed field investigation,collection and identification of bryophytes from the Helan Mountain which was believed to be located at the border of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,we discovered a new geographic distribution record of Mielichhoferia mielichhoferiana.Morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of M.mielichhoferiana were discussed.Meanwhile,the comparsion among M.mielichhoferiana and its related species,M.himalayana,M.japonica and M.sinensis,was also conducted.The key to the Chinese species of Mielichhoferia and the illustrations were provided.Not only did the research largely enriches our study information on Bryaceae in China,but also demonstrated the relationships between Helan Mountain area of floristic elements and the Himualayan components.