东方百合系内杂交授粉技术与胚抢救技术研究
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北京市自然科学基金(6122004);北京市教委科技创新平台项目(PXM2013-014207-000051);北京市教委科技提升计划项目(PXM2013-014207-000079,PXM2014-014207-000081)


Study on the Pollination Methods and Embryo Rescue Techniques of the Crosses among Lilium Oriental Hybrids
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    摘要:

    研究了东方百合系内杂交授粉技术及胚抢救技术。结果表明:(1)在组合‘Justina’בShela’中,采用柱头直接授粉,花粉管在花柱中向下定向生长,在子房中向胚珠定向生长;采用切花柱授粉,花粉管在花柱切口及子房中发生不同程度无向性生长;残留花柱越长,进行胚珠定向的花粉管数量越多,获得的饱满种子越少,采用柱头直接授粉获得的饱满种子最多。(2)采用柱头直接授粉对东方百合系内56个组合进行杂交实验,仅1个组合未获得饱满胚珠、3个组合获得胚珠少于10个,其余52个组合获得大量饱满胚珠,初步表明此法可作为东方百合系内杂交通用授粉技术。不同胚抢救技术试验结果显示,授粉约70 d后采用切胚珠接种比胚珠直接接种的杂种胚萌动快、萌发率高,而且前者的胚抢救效率也明显高于授粉40 d后的“剥胚式接种”。研究认为,授粉约70 d后采用“切胚珠接种”可作为东方百合系内杂交通用胚抢救技术。

    Abstract:

    The pollination methods and embryo rescue techniques of the crosses among Lilium Oriental Hybrids were studied.The results showed as follows:In ‘Justina’בShela’ combination,the pollen tubes were observed to grow normally downward in the pistils and target normally to the ovules when the normal stigma pollination method was used,but grow at random on the stylar cut and in the ovary while the cut-style pollination method was used.The longer style length was left,the more pollen tubes targeting to ovules were observed and the more plump seeds were produced.The highest numbers of plump seeds were produced with the normal stigma pollination method.It was investigated that of the 56 cross combinations among Oriental Hybrids,one combination generated no plump ovule,three combinations generated fewer than 10 plump ovules and the rest 52 combinations generated lots of plump ovules.This indicated that the normal stigma pollination method could be employed as a general pollination method in the crosses of Oriental Hybrids.Different embryo rescue techniques were employed The faster germination and the higher germination rate were observed by using the cut-ovule inoculation than the normal ovule inoculation on about 70 days after pollination.The technique of cut-ovule inoculation in about 70 days after pollination was also more efficient than that of embryo denuding inoculation on 40 days after pollination,which could be used as a general embryo rescue method in the crosses of Oriental Hybrids.

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邵 杨,温韦华,崔金腾,等.东方百合系内杂交授粉技术与胚抢救技术研究[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(6):1119-1124

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-07-01
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