In this paper we studied the genus Melanohalea according to the more than 130 specimens of lichen that were deposited in Lichen Herbarium of Xinjiang University “Lichens Research Center in Arid Zones of Northwest China”(XJU-NALH)and they were collected from Tianshan and Altay Mts.,Xinjiang.As the result shows that,the genus Melanohalea included 7 species,among them M.infumata and M.subolivacea are new to China,M.subelegantula is new to Xinjiang and other 4 species are common species.In addition,description of morphological-anatomical features and photos of newly recorded species are given.At the same time,the identification keys,lichens check list and distribution areas of these species are reported.This research will provide base data for lichen resource investigation of Xinjiang and China.