The objective of this research was to explore the population diversity, distribution features and the antibacterial activity of endophytes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. 69 strains were isolated from the tissue of Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge，which were composed of 62 endophytic fungis and 7 endophytic actinomycetes．They were identified according to morphology and 16s rDNA．The antagonistic activities of the endophytes and some of their secondary metabolites against pathogens were also carried out. The results showed that: (1) Fusarium moniliforme Sheld. and Alternaria sp were the dominant genera among endophytes from Salvia miltiorrhiza; (2) 44 strains presented antagonistic to pathogenic bacterium or fungi, among of which，50% show antifungal activity on Escherichia coli; Some endophytes had the strongest bacteriostatic activities on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans，the biggest diameter of antagonism could be 25 mm; (3) The secondary metabolites of strain A232 presented strong and broadspectrum and antagonistic activity to C. albicans and Valsa mali. Based on morphology and 16S rDNA sequence, strain A232 was identified as Streptomyces luteoverticillatus.