To understand the response and adaptation of carbon（C）, nitrogen（N）and phosphorus（P）stoichimetry to environmental changes, we conducted a provenance experiment on C.liouana,the dominant shrub species in the Mu Us Sandland of Northern China. We collected seeds from nine provenances and seedlings were cultivated under uniform condition, measuring the concentrations of C, N and P of different organs of C.liouana originated from nine provenances. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in C, N and P concentrations among provenances for different organs, with C concentrations of roots, stems and leaves ranging from 361.12 to 426.30 mg·g^-1, from 412.32 to 463.13 mg·g^-1, from 419.21 to 478.94 mg·g^-1, respectively, with N concentrations ranging from 20.52 to 33.67 mg·g^-1, from 15.77 to 23.92 mg·g^-1, from 27.60 to 36.44 mg·g^-1 and with P concentrations from 1.52 to 3.73 mg·g^-1, from 1.24 to 2.14 mg·g^-1, from 1.44 to 2.38 mg·g^-1, respectively.The C/N, C/P and N/P were also significantly differed among provenances for different organs. (2) GLM analysis revealed that relative to the strong effect of organs on C, N and C/N, the provenances appeared to have greater effects on P, C/P and N/P. (3) There were also significant correlations between N and C/N, P and C/P. The N/P was significantly correlated with both N and P. Overall, these results suggest that adaptation of C.liouana to different environments has led to its genetic differentiation in stoichiometric traits, and differences in C, N and P stoichiometry among different organs probably suggest that C.liouana has evolved a series of strategies in nutrient utilization.