In this study, taking Oenanthe javanica DC. as experimental material, we used floatingbed cultivation technique investigate the nutritional quality and antioxidant enzyme responses of O. javanica DC. in eutrophic water body, aiming to explore the feasibility of using O. javanica DC. in ecological remediation. The results showed that: (1) the fresh weight of O. javanica DC. increased 4.18-7.00 times after growing for 30 d in eutrophic water body, and there was no difference between high level eutrophic water body and the control, indicating that O. javanica DC. can grow normally in eutrophic water body. (2) Under the treatment of eutrophic water body, SOD and POD activities of O. javanica DC. maintained a high level, and MDA content and electrolyte leakage both remained at a low level, showing strong antioxidant capacity and adaptability to eutrophic water without the occurrence of lipid peroxidation. (3) In eutrophic water, compared with the control, Vc content of O. javanica DC. was significantly higher, soluble sugar content was not different from it, and nitrite content was far lower than the national standard, indicating that nutritional quality of O. javanica DC. was good in this study, and according with national edible standards. All of the above shows that O. javanica DC. has good adaptability to eutrophic water body. It can grow normally in eutrophic water with the nutritional quality not affected, be consumed safely and be used for ecological remediation of eutrophic water body.