In order to provide the basis for evaluation on genetic diversity, germplasm breeding and so on, we selected 16 wild populations of Mirabilis himalaica from Tibet to investigate the fruit phenotypic trait variation in different provenances. We measured 8 fruit traits, and analyzed in diverse ways such as One way ANOVA, the principal component analysis, cluster analysis and the correlation analysis. The main results were as follows: （1） the average values of 8 traits varied among different populations, Nujiang mountain, Baxoi County （TNC2） had the lowest values of involucre tube length, involucre lobe length, involucre lobe width, fruit length, fruit shape and 100 fruits weight, and the other populations did not exhibit obvious regularity. Estimate of variation coefficient of fruit pattern was the highest in 9 populations, and fruit width or fruit length was the lowest in most populations. (2) Calculation basing on all the 351 individuals, the variation coefficients of 8 characteristics changed between 8.58%-25.57%, and the involucre lobe width had the higher value (25.57%) and the fruit width had the lower value (8.58%). One way ANOVA showed that the F value varied among 12.180-134.761 with extremely significant difference, which indicated that 8 morphological traits varied obviously among populations. (3) The principal component analysis indicated that the fruit length and the involucre lobe size were the major factors resulting in the morphological variations among populations. (4) Based on 8 fruit traits, 16 populations were clustered into 2 groups, which had no relations with their locations. (5) The correlation analysis showed that 3 environmental factors containing altitude, longitude, latitude had no significant influence on the 8 fruit traits, excluding the negative correlation between the involucre lobe width and longitude.