柔毛淫羊藿及其近缘种叶片非腺毛形态及其分类学意义
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中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程经费资助(201712M3013);


Leaf Nonglandular Hair Morphology and Its Taxonomic Significance in Epimedium pubescens and Related Species
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    摘要:

    柔毛淫羊藿(Epimedium pubescens Maxim.)是中国淫羊藿属植物中分布较为广泛、形态变异较为丰富的物种,柔毛淫羊藿及其近缘种在分类中存在诸多争议。为研究柔毛淫羊藿及其近缘种变异规律和进行种的界限划分,该研究对柔毛淫羊藿31个居群和近缘种星花羊藿3个居群、镇巴淫羊藿1个居群、万源淫羊藿1个居群共36个居群的叶背非腺毛进行了显微观察。结果显示:(1)所观察到的非腺毛分为直毛、曲毛、伏曲毛、长伏毛、拟短伏毛、短伏毛、单细胞毛7个大类19个小类,并发现每个居群或每个个体的叶背面非腺毛是由多种类型构成。(2)共观察到13个居群具有乳突,且69.2%非腺毛较少(非腺毛密度少于50个/mm2)的居群具有乳突;而且共有27个居群中具有单细胞毛,占该研究36个居群的75%。(3)以非腺毛密度、主要类型构成进行居群归类,其中柔毛淫羊藿21个居群为直毛群(A),柔毛淫羊藿7个居群为曲毛群(B),柔毛淫羊藿2个居群、星花淫羊藿3个居群、镇巴淫羊藿1个居群为长伏毛群(D),柔毛淫羊藿1个居群为拟短伏毛群(E),万源淫羊藿1个居群为短伏毛群(F),所有居群均共有直毛类非腺毛,说明直毛类非腺毛为柔毛淫羊藿及其近缘种的核心类型非腺毛。(4)从居群内非腺毛类型组成的角度梳理出了居群间的演化关系,直毛群:AⅠ→AⅡ→AⅢ→AⅣ→AⅤ;曲毛群:BⅠ→BⅡ→BⅢ→BⅣ;长伏毛群:DⅠ→DⅡ→DⅢ;直毛群→曲毛群;短直毛群→短伏毛特化群;短直毛群→拟短伏毛特化群,且居群间的演化关系与地理分布呈现良好的相关性。(5)单细胞毛为淫羊藿属中首次发现。研究认为,单细胞毛可能与主流非腺毛类型(直毛和曲毛)和地理分布有关,但乳突则与叶背面的非腺毛密度可能存在负相关关系;该研究结果支持将星花淫羊藿归为柔毛淫羊藿种下等级的分类处理。

    Abstract:

    Epimedium pubescens Maxim. is a species widely distributed in China and abundant in morphological variation. There are still many voices in the classification of E. pubescens and its related species. This study chose 31 populations of E.pubescens Maxim.and its related species including 3 populations of E.stellulatum Stearn, 1 population of E.zhenbaense sp.nov. and 1 population of E.wanyuanense sp.nov. and observed nonglandular hairs on the back of their leaves, so as to study the variation law of E.pubescens and its related species and their intraspecific division. The results are as follows. (1) the nonglandular hairs from what we saw are divided into 7 large classes and 19 small classes, namely straight hair, curved hair, appressed curly hair, long appressed hair, pseudo short appressed hair, short appressed hair and single cell hair, and found that each population or individual was composed of many types of nonglandular hairs. (2) Mastoid were found in 13 populations and the population which has nonglandular hair under 50/mm2, accounting 69.2%, and 27 populations has single cell hair, accounting 75%. (3) Based on nonglandular hair density and major types, we come to conclusion of 36 populations classification. 21 populations of E.pubescens are straight hair group (A) and 7 populations are curly hair group (B). Long appressed hair group (D) contains 2 populations of E.pubescens, 3 population of E.stellulatum and 1 population of E.zhenbaense. One population of E.pubescens is pseudo short appressed hair group (E) and one population of E.wanyuanense is short appressed hair group (F). All populations have straight hair, showing that the core type in E.pubescens and its related species is straight hair. (4) From the angle of nonglandular hairs type, the evolutionary relationship between populations is combed, namely is AⅠ→AⅡ→AⅢ→AⅣ→AⅤ, BⅠ→BⅡ→BⅢ→BⅣ, DⅠ→DⅡ→DⅢ, straight hair group→curly hair group, short straight hair group→short appressed hair or pseudo short appressed hair, and it shows a good correlation with geographical distribution as well. (5) Single cell hair has been found for the first time in Epimedium and considered to have some relation to the main hair type (straight hair and curly hair) and geographical distribution. However, there is a negative correlation between the mastoid and nonglandular hairs density on back of the leaves. The results of this study support the classification treatment that E.stellulatum Stearn is under the species of E. pubescens Maxim.

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植汉成,刘 翔,郭宝林,等.柔毛淫羊藿及其近缘种叶片非腺毛形态及其分类学意义[J].西北植物学报,2018,38(11):2023-2035

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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-12-20
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