Pleurocarpous mosses, a group of bryophytes with large size, have complex morphological structure and play important roles in soil and water conservation. In this study, vegetative propagation of six species of pleurocarpous mosses that collected from the typical Hilly Loess Plateau region were investigated by artificial cultivation experiment, so as to determine their characteristics and interspecific differences. The results showed that: (1) the six species of moss exhibited strong regenerative capacities. The germination times of the new gametophyte and protonema averaged out to 10^th and 17^th day of cultivation, respectively. Furthermore, the germination time of gametophyte of the six mosses was earlier than that of proteome. Among the six mosses, Brachyhecyum albicans was the first one that germinated gametophyte and Hypnum bambergeri was the last one. (2) During cultivation period, the branch length, branch number and coverage of the six mosses showed an increasing trend along with the increasing of cultivation time, and stabilized, thereafter. The branch length and number of the six mosses tended to be stable in the 21st and 28th day after germination, respectively. Coverage of the six mosses, except Amblystegium serpens, whose coverage continued to increase, began to stabilize after 42day cultivation. B. albicans showed the largest increase of branch length, branch number and coverage, which were 4.73 mm, 1.53 and 46.22%, respectively. (3) The average rate of coverage, branch length and branch number showed significant differences between moss species. The three indices of B. albicans are 0.97%·d^-1, 0.24 mm·d^-1 and 0.101 shoot·d^-1, respectively. They are significantly higher than those of other species (P<0.05). The slowest rate of branch length, branch number and coverage were observed in Taxiphyllum taxirameums (0.17 mm·d^-1), Hypnum bambergeri (0.041 shoot·d^-1) and Entodon caliginosus (0.46%·d^-1). The results showed a strong reproductive and artificial cultivation capacity of the six species of common pleurocarpous moss from Hilly Loess Plateau region. Further, B. albicans showed an advantage over other species. This is as earlier report on the reproductive and cultivation capacity on the pleurocarpous mosses in the region, which may provide support for the application of such moss species in soil and water conservation and ecological restoration.