In this paper, a quantitative analysis of 14 large tree species (DBH ≥ 10 cm), 15 small tree species (5 cm ≤ DBH < 10 cm) and 19 saplings (1 cm ≤ DBH < 5 cm) in secondary forest of Pinus yunnanensis Franch. var. tenuifolia Cheng et Law, was carried out by methods of variance ratio test, χ² test, Pearsons correlation coefficient test and Spearmans rank correlation coefficient test. The results showed that: (1) there was nonsignificantly negative correlation of big trees or small trees, and nonsignificantly positive correlation of saplings or the whole community. The results of χ² test indicated that the proportion of positive correlation, negative correlation and noncorrelation for big trees, small trees, saplings and the whole community had different characteristics. For big trees and small trees, the negative correlated speciespairs were in the majority (48.35% and 46.67%, respectively). The positive and negative correlated speciespairs were basically the same for saplings (40.35% and 39.18%, respectively). For the whole community, the noncorrelated speciespairs had the largest proportion (41.13%). (2) Pearsons correlation coefficient test and Spearmans rank correlation coefficient test revealed that there was largest proportion of negative correlation for big trees, small trees, saplings and the whole community. (3) There was intense competition in resources and unstable structure between big trees and small trees. Besides, the saplings adapted to the shaded environment under the canopy, and had lower requirements for light, thus had a relatively lower stability and even individual species show independence. On the whole, there is a certain correlation among species in the secondary forest community of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia in Nanpan River basin, yet still without the formation of stable allocation relationship. The community is still in the early stage of succession and its structure is still unstable. The results of this article can provide scientific reference such as the management and protection, sustainable management and utilization for secondary forest of P. yunnanensis var. tenuifolia, as well as vegetation restoration and ecological restoration in dryhot valley areas.