赤霞珠葡萄果实苹果酸生物合成关键转录因子的筛选与鉴定
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宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(重大)重点项目(2019BBF02022);


Selection and Identification of the Key Transcription Factors Associated with Malate Biosynthesis in Cabernet Sauvignon
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    摘要:

    该研究以宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄种植区栽培面积最大的‘赤霞珠’为材料,在前期完成从果实形成至成熟不同发育时期的转录组测序以及关键有机酸含量测定基础上,进一步通过转录因子结合位点预测、差异表达基因分析、加权基因共表达网络关联分析(WGCNA),逐步筛选出与‘赤霞珠’果实苹果酸生物合成相关功能基因特异结合的、影响苹果酸生物合成的相应转录因子,并对其进行qRTPCR验证,以揭示这些关键功能基因及其关键转录因子在葡萄不同种植区、果实不同发育时期存在的相互调控作用机制,为以后培育优质酿酒葡萄提供新的理论依据与思路。结果表明:(1)GC/MS分析发现, ‘赤霞珠’果实在4个发育时期的延胡索酸和苹果酸含量变化趋势基本一致,两种酸含量均从果实硬果期到绿果期逐步升至最高(3.63和626.53 μg/g),之后缓慢下降,经转色期到成熟期后逐渐降至最低(2.14和244.26 μg/g),而草酰乙酸的变化趋势却相反,在硬果期含量最高(315.54 μg/g),经绿果期、转色期到成熟期逐渐降至最低值(126.11 μg/g)。(2)‘赤霞珠’果实发育时期样本转录组测序共获得可能与苹果酸生物合成途径12种功能基因结合的转录因子6 411个,其中延胡索酸水化酶(FH)的3个功能基因有86个转录因子,苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的10个功能基因有717个转录因子。(3)转录组测序数据及其与有机酸含量WGCNA关联结果的Veen分析确定了‘赤霞珠’果实成熟过程中与苹果酸生物合成相关度最高的3个FH基因(VIT_14s0060g01700、VIT_13s0019g03330、VIT_07s0005g00880)、2个MDH基因(VIT_10s0003g01000、VIT_13s0019g05250)及相应的18个关键转录因子。(4)qRTPCR验证及相关性分析表明, FH基因VIT_13s0019g03330与其转录因子VIT_01s0011g06200、VIT_08s0056g01230以及MDH基因VIT_13s0019g05250与其转录因子VIT_06s0004g04960、VIT_10s0003g02070的表达水平与苹果酸的积累存在显著正相关关系,推测这4个关键转录因子可能通过调控功能基因的转录,综合影响‘赤霞珠’果实苹果酸的生物合成。

    Abstract:

    In this study, Cabernet Sauvignon, the most cultivated wine grape cultivar in eastern Helan mountain of Ningxia was used as the test material. Based on the results in our previous experiments, the transcriptome sequences and the organic acids assay at different developmental stages of fruits, we further predicted the transcription factor binding sites with the functional gene promoter regions (target), combined with the differentially expressed gene analysis and the weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), to select the transcription factors that specifically bind to the functional genes associated with malate biosynthesis in Cabernet Sauvignon fruits. In addition, qRTPCR was used to verify the regulation mechanism between these key functional genes and their transcription factors in different cultivation areas at different developmental stages. The results provide a theoretical basis and idea for genetic improvement of highquality wine grapes. The results show that: (1) GS/MS analysis found that fumarate and malate at the four developmental stages of Cabernet Sauvignon fruits had the same variation trend. Both of them gradually increased to the highest (3.63 and 626.53 μg/g) from the hard to green, then decreased slowly, and gradually decreased to the lowest level (2.14 and 244.26 μg/g) through the veraison to maturity. While the variation of oxaloacetate was opposite, the content is the highest (315.54 μg/g) at the hard, it drops to the lowest (126.11 μg/g) from the green, veraison to maturity gradually. (2) Transcriptome sequencing of Cabernet Sauvignon fruits developmental stages results showed a total of 6 411 transcription factors that may be combined with 12 functional genes of the malate biosynthetic pathway, among them there are 86 transcription factors associated with 3 functional genes of fumarate hydratase (FH), 717 transcription factors related to 10 functional genes of malate dehydrogenase (MDH). (3) Veen analysis of transcriptome sequencing data and the WGCNA analysis of organic acid contents determined 3 genes related to FH (VIT_14s0060g01700, VIT_13s0019g03330, VIT_07s0005g00880), 2 genes related to MDH (VIT_10s0003g01000, VIT_13s0019g05250) and 18 key transcription factors highly associated with malic acid biosynthesis during the ripening process in Cabernet Sauvignon fruits. (4) qRTPCR verification and correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of transcription factors VIT_01s0011g06200, VIT_08s0056g01230 of VIT_13s0019g03330, and transcription factors VIT_06s0004g04960, VIT_10s0003g02070 of VIT_13s0019g05250 are positively related to the malate accumulation, also suggested these 4 transcription factors may regulate the transcription of functional genes to influence the biosynthesis of malate comprehensively in Cabernet Sauvignon fruits.

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袁春春,郎思睿,路国栋,等.赤霞珠葡萄果实苹果酸生物合成关键转录因子的筛选与鉴定[J].西北植物学报,2020,40(12):2044-2053

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-26
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